The role of tourism, and natural resources in the energy-pollution-growth nexus

An analysis of belt and road initiative countries

Bibliographic Data

ID21600364
AuthorsXiaohai Sun (West Centre for Economics Research, South-western University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, P.R. China), Yang Chenggang (West Centre for Economics Research, South-western University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, P.R. China), Anwar Khan (0000-0002-3217-6348, West Centre for Economics Research, South-western University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, P.R. China, corresponding author), Jamal Hussain (0000-0003-0360-6043, West Centre for Economics Research, South-western University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, P.R. China), Sadia Bano (0000-0001-9877-8918, School of Economics, South-western University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, P.R. China)
Year2021
Volume64
Issue6
Pages999-1020
Publication date2021-05-12
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Environmental Planning and Management (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0964-0568 • E-ISSN: 1360-0559
PublisherInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/09640568.2020.1796607
OpenAlexW3091041145
LanguageEN
Citations received8
References cited69

The current study brings natural resources, and tourism into the energy-growth, and environment nexus using the STIRPAT model for 88 BRI countries over 1995–2015. Considering the endogeneity, cross-sectional dependence, and slope homogeneity, this study employed dynamic GMM and D&K estimators for three distinct structural equations. For the CO2 equation, the empirical outcomes supported the EKC, energy lead emission, natural resource-based CO2 emissions, and tourism-led CO2 emissions, and on the other hand, renewable energy helps to curb environmental degradation. For the GDP equation, the role of energy, CO2 emissions, tourism development, and renewable energy is positive and contributes significantly to economic growth. The impact of natural resources is negative and significant, thus postulating the “resource curse phenomenon” in BRI countries. For the energy equation, CO2, GDP, and natural resources are escalating energy consumption; while, renewable energy is negatively affecting energy, which indicates that growth in renewable energy tends to discourage the consumption of fossil fuel-based energy in the BRI countries

Econometrics · Economics · Endogeneity · Energy consumption · Environmental degradation · Environmental pollution · Environmental protection · Fossil fuel · Geography · Natural resource · Natural resource economics · Renewable energy · Resource curse · Tourism · Energy and Environment Impacts · Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies · Energy, Environment, Economic Growth · Engineering · Environmental Science · Ecology

Tools

Open DOI