Using shame to extend Martin Conway’s self-memory system
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 21602010 |
|---|---|
| Authors | David C Rubin (0000-0003-1756-3531, Duke University, corresponding author), Carolyn F Bell (0000-0002-6960-2566, Duke University) |
| Year | 2024 |
| Volume | 32 |
| Issue | 6 |
| Pages | 666-677 |
| Publication date | 2024-07-02 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Memory (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0965-8211 • E-ISSN: 1464-0686 |
| Publisher | Informa UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1080/09658211.2023.2241673 |
| PMID | 37525335 |
| OpenAlex | W4385442796 |
| Language | EN |
| References cited | 49 |
We extend Conway's self-memory system by adding theory and data from shame, an emotion that disrupts the internalised ideals of society needed for a positive self-concept. The event that caused 273 undergraduates their greatest amount of shame was analyzed; 66% were not very negative except for producing shame. Ratings of post-event effects, including two measure of self (self-perceived weakness, and centrality to identity) and four clinical symptoms (intrusions, avoidance, anxiety, and depression), were attributed separately to the remembered event, behaviour during the event, and shame from the event. The effects of shame were generally as large as the those of the event and larger than those of the behaviour, demonstrating the importance of shame's effects. The Tonic Immobility Scale (TIS), which measures tonic immobility (i.e., freezing), was obtained for the event that produced the most tonic immobility but that was not the event that caused the most shame. The post-event symptoms measured on the event that caused the most shame and the TIS correlated highly, suggesting that shame and tonic immobility may belong to a cluster of phylogenetically conserved submissive defensive mechanisms that could account for effects currently attributed to goals in self-memory systems
Centrality · Developmental psychology · Shame · Emotions and Moral Behavior · Identity, Memory, and Therapy · Memory Processes and Influences · Neuroscience · Psychology · Social Psychology
Shame
Compelled disclosure of college sexual assault.
The Self and Autobiographical Memory
Memory and the self☆
A Trauma-Informed Approach to Sexual Violence Research Ethics and Open Science
The centrality of event scale
Predicting depressive symptoms with a new measure of shame
Episodic Memory
What is Shame? Some Core Issues and Controversies
The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system.
A new measure to assess external and internal shame
Tonic immobility (freezing) during sexual and physical assaults produces stronger memory effects than other characteristics of the assaults
The memories that people would save or erase differ from their most positive and negative memories on function, emotion and correspondence with the life script
Properties of autobiographical memories are reliable and stable individual differences
Acute Threat to the Social Self
The Tonic Immobility Scale in adolescent and young adult rape victims
Tonic immobility among survivors of sexual assault
The phenomenology of shame and guilt
The evolution of shame and its display
Target Article
| Citation velocity | historical |
|---|---|
| Highly cited | No |