Self-satisfaction scale (3S)
Validation in a clinical sample, structural relations, and incremental value beyond self-esteem
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 21622159 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Ayşe Rezan Çeçen (0000-0002-7540-8006, Muğla University, corresponding author), Mahmut Selçuk (0000-0002-1021-4577, Muğla University) |
| Year | 2026 |
| Volume | 45 |
| Issue | 10 |
| Publication date | 2026-05-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Current Psychology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1046-1310 • E-ISSN: 1936-4733 |
| Publisher | Springer Science and Business Media LLC (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1007/s12144-026-09562-z |
| OpenAlex | W7162298074 |
| Language | EN |
| References cited | 57 |
The present study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the newly developed Self-Satisfaction Scale (3S) within a clinical sample. A total of 326 psychiatric outpatients completed the 3S as part of a comprehensive psychological assessment battery. The factor structure of the scale was examined using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), supporting the original seven-domain model, and showed adequate model fit along with strong internal consistency across subscales. Convergent and discriminant validity were established through expected correlations with affective, cognitive, and self-related indicators. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that the 3S explained significant unique variance in life satisfaction beyond depressive symptoms and self-esteem, supporting its incremental validity. Path analysis further demonstrated that self-satisfaction exhibited a more proximal association with life satisfaction compared to self-esteem. Measurement invariance of the 3S across clinical and nonclinical groups ( N = 508) was supported at the configural, metric, and scalar levels using multigroup CFA. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that the 3S discriminated between clinical and nonclinical individuals at an acceptable level (AUC = .718), and optimal cutoff scores were identified using the Youden index. Overall, the findings support the 3S as a reliable and valid assessment tool for use in clinical populations. Future research should examine its longitudinal stability and cross-cultural applicability
Confirmatory factor analysis · Convergent validity · Cutoff · Discriminant validity · Explained variation · Life satisfaction · Measurement invariance · Receiver operating characteristic · Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes · Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions · Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
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| Citation velocity | historical |
|---|---|
| Highly cited | No |