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Deemed Ineligible

Reasons Homeowners in Puerto Rico Were Denied Aid After Hurricane María

Bibliographic Data

ID21633731
AuthorsIvis García (0000-0003-4184-2514, Department of City & Metropolitan Planning, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA, corresponding author)
Year2022
Volume32
Issue1
Pages14-34
Publication date2022-01-02
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueHousing Policy Debate (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1051-1482 • E-ISSN: 2152-050X
PublisherInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/10511482.2021.1890633
OpenAlexW3156369476
LanguageEN
Citations received15
References cited32

In Puerto Rico, after Hurricane María, about 60% of all applications received by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)’s Individuals and Households Program (IHP) were declared ineligible. Why would such a large number of households in Puerto Rico have been unable to obtain assistance from FEMA? To answer this question, interviews with 10 disaster survivors and 15 stakeholders were conducted. The author found that individuals were denied based on their inability to prove homeownership, no contact for inspection, and duplicate application, among other reasons. The article offers recommendations for how nonprofit groups can participate in postdisaster recovery efforts as well as how to advocate at the local and federal level for disaster victims effectively

Business · Economic growth · Economics · Emergency management · Geography · Hurricane katrina · Natural disaster · Political science · Socioeconomics · Sociology · Climate Change, Adaptation, Migration · Disaster Management and Resilience · Disaster Response and Management · Law · Public Administration

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    Open Access•Ivis García, Leslie Martínez-Román•Journal of Urban Affairs•2026

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    Open Access•E J Raker, Tyler Woods•RSF The Russell Sage Foundation…•2023

  • Displaced Trust

    Open Access•Jasmine Simington•Social Forces•2023

  • Identifying misalignments between the informal construction sector's perceptions and engineering assessments of housing safety in future disasters for capacity development

    Open Access•Briar Goldwyn, Yarelis González Vega et al.•International Journal of Disaster…•2022

  • Potential for mitigating hurricane wind impact on informally-constructed homes in Puerto Rico under current and future climate scenarios

    Open Access•D Valdivieso, Briar Goldwyn et al.•International Journal of Disaster…•2024

  • “Have a kit, make a plan, and be informed”

    Open Access•Trevor Johnson, Jessica Jensen•International Journal of Disaster…•2023

  • Evaluating the interaction effects of housing vulnerability and socioeconomic vulnerability on self-perceptions of psychological resilience in Puerto Rico

    Open Access•Linnel Marie S Ballesteros, Cristina Poleacovschi et al.•International Journal of Disaster…•2023

  • Barriers to Postdisaster Housing Reconstruction

    Jessica Talbot, Cristina Poleacovschi et al.•Natural Hazards Review•2023

  • The Most Vulnerable to Housing Rebuilding after Hurricane Maria

    Joshua Samuel Mensah-Larkai, Tonmoy Sarker et al.•Natural Hazards Review•2025

  • A Perfect Storm? Disasters and Evictions

    Mark Brennan, Tanaya Srini et al.•Housing Policy Debate•2022

  • Who Gets Emergency Housing Relief? An Analysis of Fema Individual Assistance Data After Hurricane María

    Deepak Lamba-Nieves, Deepak Lamba‐Nieves et al.•Housing Policy Debate•2023

  • A content analysis of social media discourse during Hurricane María

    Open Access•Omar Perez Figueroa, Nicola Ulibarri et al.•Journal of Environmental Studies…•2024

  • Bomba planning and the pursuit of a just recovery

    Open Access•Ariam L Torres-Cordero•Planning Theory•2024

  • Addressing low-income household sheltering needs after a disaster

    Chenyi Ma, Dennis P Culhane•Housing Studies•2024

  • Modeling Hurricane Vulnerability in a Large Coastal City Using Bayesian Gaussian Spatial Regression

    Fang Zhang, Xiaojun Yang et al.•Annals of the American…•2026

  • From Strangers to Neighbors

    Ryan Alaniz•From Strangers to Neighbors•2017

  • Modernizing Puerto Rico's Housing Sector Following Hurricanes Irma and Maria

    Noreen Clancy, Lloyd Dixon et al.•2020

  • Participatory Journalism

    Open Access•Jane B Singer, Alfred Hermida et al.•Participatory Journalism•2011

  • Population Evacuation

    J Chakraborty, Graham A Tobin et al.•Natural Hazards Review•2005

  • Poverty and Disasters in the United States

    Open Access•Alice Fothergill, Lori Peek et al.•Natural Hazards•2004

  • “Like a Fish Out of Water”

    Ivis García, April Jackson et al.•Journal of the American Planning…•2021

  • Strong Democracy

    Benjamin Barber, Benjamin R Barber•Strong Democracy•2004

  • All Talk No Walk

    April Jackson, Ivis Garcia-Zambrana et al.•Planning Practice and Research•2018

  • I Felt Safe”

    Open Access•Ivis García, Keuntae Kim•International Journal of…•2020

  • Community participation as a tool for conservation planning and historic preservation

    Open Access•Ivis García•Journal of Housing and the Built…•2018

  • Digging deeper

    Divya Chandrasekhar•Community Development•2012

  • Beyond Recruitment

    Open Access•C Aujean Lee, Benjamin W Chrisinger et al.•Journal of Planning Education and…•2020

  • Community Businesses as Social Units in Post-Disaster Recovery

    Open Access•Yu Xiao, Kai Wu et al.•Journal of Planning Education and…•2018

  • Where Are We Going? Where Have We Been

    Open Access•Andrew J Greenlee, April Jackson et al.•Journal of Planning Education and…•2018

  • Car ownership and welfare‐to‐work

    Open Access•Paul M Ong•Journal of Policy Analysis and…•2002

  • Disaster Vulnerabilities

    Open Access•Kiki Caruson, SUSAN A MacMANUS•The American Review of Public…•2008

  • Evicted. Poverty and profit in the American city

    Richard Harris•Housing Studies•2016

  • Vulnerability of Renters and Low-Income Households to Storm Damage

    Chenyi Ma, Tony Smith•American Journal of Public Health•2020

  • Exploring the Environmental Justice Implications of Hurricane Harvey Flooding in Greater Houston, Texas

    J Chakraborty, Timothy W Collins et al.•American Journal of Public Health•2019

  • Community leadership development education

    Godwin T Apaliyah, Godwin Apaliyah et al.•Community Development•2012

  • Strategies of Heirship

    Open Access•Jack Goody•Comparative Studies in Society…•1973

Citations per year3.75
Citation span2022 - 2026 (5)
Highly citedNo

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