Resilience Phenotypes and Psychological Functioning among Individuals with Opioid Use Disorder

Dados Bibliográficos

ID21645684
AutoresSuky Martinez (0000-0002-4873-8130, Division on Substance Use Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA, autor correspondente), Albert Garcia‐Romeu (0000-0003-2182-1644, Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA), Freymon Perez (Division on Substance Use Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA), Jermaine D Jones (0000-0003-4476-2800, Division on Substance Use Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA)
Ano2024
Volume59
Fascículo1
Páginas41-49
Data de publicação2024-01-02
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessNão
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoSubstance Use & Misuse (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 1082-6084 • E-ISSN: 1532-2491
EditoraInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/10826084.2023.2259450
PMID37752751
OpenAlexW4387077536
IdiomaEN
Citações recebidas1
Referências citadas83

Background Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a heterogeneous disorder. However, there is a lack of deep phenotyping investigations focusing on important psychological constructs such as resilience that may impact OUD. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between trait resilience and the five-factor model of personality (FFM) among individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). We also explored whether the FFM and trait resilience form specific phenotypes associated with psychological functioning.Methods This secondary analysis of an epigenetic study included participants of African ancestry (n = 72), an understudied population, who met DSM-5 criteria for OUD. Participants completed measures to assess personality traits, trait resilience, current and previous drug use, and psychological functioning (depression, anxiety, and stress).Results Linear regression revealed a significant relationship between resilience (CD-RISC-25 score) and the FFM, R2 = 0.56, F(5,62) = 15.7, p<.001. Further, a two-cluster classification emerged as the optimal solution from the cluster analysis. Cluster 1 (n = 33, 45.8% of the sample) showed lower resilience (CD-RISC-25 score: M = 58.6, SD = 11.2) compared to Cluster 2 (n = 35, 48.6%; CD-RISC-25 score: M = 76.1, SD = 11.9). The “High-Resilience Cluster” (Cluster 2) was characterized by higher FFM traits of: Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness, and lower Neuroticism versus Cluster 1. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed statistically significant differences between the two resilience clusters concerning other psychological symptoms, Λ = 0.732, F(4, 50) = 7.05, p < 0.003.Conclusions These findings suggest associations between the FFM and trait resilience among individuals with OUD. Two distinct “resilience phenotypes” emerged, with high-resilience individuals displaying less stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Results highlight the clinical importance of resilience as a potential target for intervention in people with OUD

Agreeableness · Big Five personality traits · Conscientiousness · Extraversion and introversion · Neuroticism · Openness to experience · Opioid · Opioid use disorder · Personality · Population · Psychological resilience · Clinical Psychology · Medicine · Mental Health Research Topics · Psychology · Resilience and Mental Health · Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes · Internal Medicine