Sex Differences in Recovery Capital Gains Post-Incarceration

Bibliographic Data

ID21645792
AuthorsNicholas L Bormann (0000-0001-8847-8727, Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA, corresponding author), Andrea N Weber (0000-0002-7124-776X, Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA), Benjamin Miskle (0000-0002-3794-3438, Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA), Arndt (0000-0003-0783-8204, Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA), Stephan Arndt (University of Iowa), Alison C Lynch (Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA)
Year2023
Volume58
Issue14
Pages1839-1846
Publication date2023-12-06
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueSubstance Use & Misuse (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1082-6084 • E-ISSN: 1532-2491
PublisherInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/10826084.2023.2257303
PMID37702512
OpenAlexW4386704275
LanguageEN
Citations received3
References cited48

Background People with substance use disorders are highly prevalent in the carceral system. Recovery capital (RC) is the resources available to an individual to initiate or maintain substance use cessation. Sex differences have been identified in RC during both active substance use and recovery in the general population, however, less is known about these sex differences in the post-incarceration population.Methods Participants (n = 136) were those with an opioid or stimulant use disorder with past year involvement with the Iowa criminal justice system (USA), who completed the Assessment of Recovery Capital (ARC) twice over a six-month cohort study. Participants were involved in an addiction clinic that utilized active case management. Analysis of covariance evaluated changes in ARC during the study. Separate models compared total ARC and individual ARC domains, with sex as the independent variable of interest. Model means were generated for interpretation based on sex, comparing baseline and study endpoint ARC scores.Results There were no baseline sex differences in total ARC. ARC increased significantly for the group, however, males showed disproportionate growth. Females ended the study with a mean ARC of 37.8 (SD= 9.3) and males finished at 41.6 (SD= 9.3), which was a significant difference (p = 0.044); this significant difference was driven by ARC subdomains of ‘Psychological Health’ and ‘Physical Health.’Conclusions People post-incarceration are at high risk for return to substance use. Treatment that is informed by sex-based differences may have the potential to decrease the differing rates of growth in RC between sexes

Cohort · Population · Psychiatry · Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis · Demography · Medicine · Opioid Use Disorder Treatment · Psychology · Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes · Internal Medicine

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