Biochar Application Improves Chemical Properties and Nutrient Availability in Saline–Alkali Soils
A Meta‐Analysis
Bibliographic Data
Saline–alkali soils are a major global challenge because they degrade soil chemistry, reduce nutrient availability, and limit crop productivity. Despite increasing interest in biochar as a sustainable soil amendment, its overall effects on soil chemical properties under saline–alkali conditions remain inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted a meta‐analysis of 113 peer‐reviewed publications and 714 paired comparisons published between 2014 and 2025 to evaluate the effects of biochar on soil chemical properties in saline–alkali soils. Biochar significantly ( p 2+ ) ( r 2 = 0.038), magnesium (Mg 2+ ) ( r 2 = 0.298), and AP ( r 2 = 0.061), while negatively correlated with AN ( r 2 = −0.034). In summary, medium‐temperature pyrolyzed biochar derived from stalk and wood feedstocks, when applied at higher rates, represents an effective and sustainable strategy for improving chemical properties and nutrient status in saline–alkali soils. These findings provide valuable insights for developing evidence‐based biochar application protocols and formulating ecological restoration strategies for large‐scale saline–alkali soil remediation
Biochar · Cation-exchange capacity · Nitrogen · Nutrient · Phosphorus · Potassium · Pyrolysis · Sodium · Soil pH · Soil water · Clay minerals and soil interactions · Composting and Vermicomposting Techniques · Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
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