Methodological Approaches to the Study of the Phenomenon of Motherhood

The relevance and problem of the study lies in the fact that the ideas about proper motherhood and the requirements for a mother are largely contradictory, and there is no consensus in scientific approaches, what is motherhood ‒ a natural phenomenon, or a social one? Therefore, the purpose of the article was to analyze the existing approaches to motherhood in different natural and social sciences and to choose an approach that would sciences contribute to the formation of a holistic view of this phenomenon. The study used interdisciplinary, comparative, dialectical approaches, as well as the author’s methodology of the relationship between the natural and the social in society and man. The features of the study of motherhood in different sciences were identified, and then the possibility of distinguishing three main approaches to the study of this phenomenon was substantiated by the criterion of the ratio of the natural and social aspects of motherhood, regardless of the specialty of the researcher: 1) researchers consider the natural side of motherhood to be the main one; 2) researchers bring to the fore the social component of motherhood; and 3) researchers not only recognize the existence of natural and social aspects of motherhood, but study the connections and contradictions of these aspects. Also, the novelty of the study can also be the allocation of the main natural and social aspects of motherhood and the conclusion that motherhood is an organic, psychological and social state of a woman mother, where the organic and psychological are the basis, and the social is the leading side, allowing the mother to enter the system of social relations. The prospect of this study is a more detailed analysis of the natural and social in motherhood, the identification of contradictions between its natural and social aspects, as well as contradictions within its natural and within its social aspects

Dialectic · Epistemology · Geography · Natural phenomenon · Novelty · Phenomenon · Political science · Social phenomenon · Social science · Sociology · Philosophy · Psychology · Regional Socio-Economic Development Trends · Social Psychology · Socioeconomic and Demographic Analysis · Sociopolitical Dynamics in Russia