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The Problem of the Marginal Man

Bibliographic Data

ID2199387
AuthorsEverett V Stonequist (corresponding author)
Year1935
Volume41
Issue1
Pages1-12
Publication date1935-07-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueAmerican Journal of Sociology (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0002-9602 • E-ISSN: 1537-5390
PublisherUniversity of Chicago Press (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1086/217001
OpenAlexW2078923834
LanguageEN
Citations received146

The marginal man arises in a bi-cultural or multi-cultural situation. The natural desire of the mixed-blood is to advance toward the group occupying the higher status. He may be forced to accept the status of the lower group, possibly becoming their leader. He may be rejected by both groups. Where accommodation, rather than conflict, prevails, the mixed-blood may constitute a middle class. With intermarriage the mixed-blood approximates more nearly to the status of the dominant race. The marginal individual experiences what Du Bois has analyzed as "double consciousness." It is as if he regarded himself through two looking-glasses presenting clashing images. The marginal individual passes through a life-cycle: introduction to the two cultures, crisis, and adjustment. The natural history involves an initial phase with a small group of marginal individuals who are ahead of the minority. This group increases, and a movement develops having as a goal some kind of equality and independence. The final outcome may be a new social framework; if assimilation is facilitated, theminority may be incorporated into the dominant group, or become the dominant group, and the cycle ends

Accommodation · Consciousness · Group conflict · Independence (probability theory) · Natural (archaeology) · Sociology · History · Political Economy and Marxism · Psychology · Social Psychology

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Unique citing works146
Citations per year2,61
Citation span1970 - 2026 (57)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedYes
Citation typesNeutral: 133

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