Spirituality and Education
Toward a Framework for Teacher Well-Being, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Effectiveness
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 22006288 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Ali Hashemi (0000-0002-7289-2269, University of Tehran, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2026 |
| Volume | 16 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Publication date | 2026-04-01 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | SAGE Open (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 2158-2440 • E-ISSN: 2158-2440 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1177/21582440261457487 |
| OpenAlex | W7165868099 |
| Language | EN |
| References cited | 14 |
This study examines the relationship between workplace spirituality, teacher well-being, and job satisfaction, and introduces the Contemplative-Spiritual School Model (CSSM) as a conceptual and exploratory framework for understanding how meaning, values, and inner awareness may shape teachers’ work experiences. Using a mixed-methods design, quantitative data were collected from 100 in-service teachers through standardized Likert-scale instruments, complemented by qualitative responses to open-ended questions addressing perceptions of meaning, purpose, and spiritual climate in schools. Contrary to dominant assumptions in the literature, quantitative analyses revealed no statistically significant associations between workplace spirituality and either teacher well-being or job satisfaction. These findings suggest that the influence of spirituality in educational settings may be indirect, context-dependent, or mediated by psychological and organizational processes not captured by direct correlational measures. Qualitative analysis, however, revealed nuanced understandings of spirituality as linked to moral commitment, relational meaning, emotional labor, and tensions in professional identity, pointing to potential explanatory pathways beyond linear models. Drawing on this integrative interpretation, the CSSM is positioned explicitly as a theoretically grounded, exploratory framework rather than an empirically validated model. The study contributes by problematizing simplistic causal claims and advancing a multidimensional perspective on spirituality and teacher well-being, with implications for leadership practice, school climate development, and future longitudinal and culturally responsive research designs
Conceptual framework · Exploratory research · Organisation climate · Perception · Qualitative research · Spirituality · Workplace Spirituality · Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior · Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology · Workplace Spirituality and Leadership
Self-Determination Theory
Teacher Stress and Teacher Self-Efficacy as Predictors of Engagement, Emotional Exhaustion, and Motivation to Leave the Teaching Profession
Spirituality at Work
Workplace spirituality and employee work attitudes
Meta‐analysis of the impact of positive psychological capital on employee attitudes, behaviors, and performance
Measuring Meaningful Work
Workplace spirituality and job satisfaction among teachers
Spirituality and religion in the workplace
Collaborative display of competence
Using thematic analysis in psychology
| Highly cited | No |
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