Prevalence and mortality rate of healthcare-associated infections among Covid-19 patients

Background The prevalence of HAI among COVID-19 patients ranged between 4.8% and 42.8% with the highest occurrence observed in critically ill patients. The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical features of HAI in severe and critical COVID-19 patients, their microbiological characteristics, and the attributable risk factors. Methods This is an analytical observational, retrospective single-center, cohort study that included 723 patients with severe-critical COVID-19 admitted to Saint George Hospital between September 2020 and February 2021. Data collection included demographic variables (sex, age), comorbidities, laboratory findings, HAI types and agents, COVID-19 treatment modalities, hospitalization settings, length of stay, and mortality rate. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results The prevalence of patients developing HAI was 7.3% (53 of 723). Five types of nosocomial bacterial infections were tracked noting ventilator-associated pneumonia (41.26%), catheter-associated urinary tract infection (28.6%), hospital-acquired pneumonia (17.44%), catheter-related bloodstream infection (6.35%), and bloodstream infection (6.35%). Binary logistic analysis showed that HAI are statistically affected by four factors noting patients' age ( p = 0.039), Length of Stay ( p < 0.001), BIPAP ( p = 0.019), and mechanical ventilation ( p < 0.001). The risk of having HAI increases 3.930 times in case of mechanical ventilation, 2.366 times in case of BIPAP, 1.148 times when the LOS increases 1 day, and 1.029 times when the age is higher with 1 year. Conclusion Since the prevalence of HAI is high among severe and critical COVID-19 patients, it is important to prepare a treatment with diagnostic, preventative, and control measures for this infection

Cohort · Logistic regression · Mechanical ventilation · Mortality rate · Pneumonia · Retrospective cohort study · Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria · Antibiotic Use and Resistance · Medicine · Nosocomial Infections in ICU · Emergency Medicine · Internal Medicine

• Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria

  Open Access•Anna-Pelagia Magiorakos, Arjun Srinivasan et al.•Clinical Microbiology and Infection•2012

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