Agent-Based Model of Mass Campus Shooting
Comparing Hiding and Moving of Civilians
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 22107464 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Peng Lü (0000-0003-1195-1816, Central South University), Dianhan Chen (0000-0002-7764-5638, Central South University), Yan Li (0000-0001-6650-7726, Central South University), Xiaoyong Wang (0000-0002-8338-9773, Beijing Institute of Technology), Shanping Yu (0000-0002-0893-337X, Beijing Institute of Technology) |
| Year | 2023 |
| Volume | 10 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 994-1003 |
| Publication date | 2023-06-01 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 2329-924X • E-ISSN: 2373-7476 |
| Publisher | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1109/tcss.2022.3146966 |
| OpenAlex | W4212993417 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 3 |
| References cited | 58 |
The follow-up impact of the campus shooting incident is enormous. Due to a large number of minors (vulnerable groups) and complex building environments, the school is one of the main targets of terrorists. The Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting in 2012 poses a challenge to social and public security. Considering the dichotomous characteristics of the people shot and the impact of the refuge area on the crowd movement in the shooting incident, we use an agent-based model to restore the real target case. Based on the optimal solution, we explore the effects of the number and location of building exits, the scale of the shooter’s attack, and the time to find shelter on the shooting results. For building exits, we found that for the environment in the case, the exit location has little impact on the number of casualties, but the increase in the number of exits provides more evacuation routes for the crowd and reduces the number of casualties. Panic will increase the probability of collision and injury. Hiding in a refuge area away from the shooter is effective to avoid shooting injury. At the same time, we propose the critical point of hiding probability. When it is greater than 40%, the faster the escape speed is, the higher the safety is; escape is more likely to replace avoidance in hiding probability less than 40% of environments. These findings are helpful to guide the building evacuation channel construction and emergency evacuation training
Computer network · Computer security · Emergency evacuation · Geography · Meteorology · Simulation · Computer Science · Crime Patterns and Interventions · Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics · Mathematics · Traffic and Road Safety
Social force model for pedestrian dynamics
“Run, Hide, Tell” or “Run, Hide, Fight”? The impact of diverse public guidance about marauding terrorist firearms attacks on behavioral intentions during a scenario-based experiment in the United Kingdom and Denmark
Village politics
Fear of Crime in Relation to Three Exterior Site Features
Information Heterogeneity and the Speed of Learning in Social Networks
Posttraumatic stress among students after the shootings at Virginia Tech
An Investigation of Mass Public Shooting Attacks Against Government Targets in the United States
School shooting fatalities and school corporal punishment
A Qualitative Investigation of Averted School Shooting Rampages
Societal Responses to Terrorist Attacks
The Scale of Terrorist Attacks as a Signal of Resources
Civil Wars Kill and Maim People-Long After the Shooting Stops
Panic at 'The Who Concert Stampede
From Factors to Actors
| Citations per year | 0.75 |
|---|---|
| Citation span | 2022 - 2026 (5) |
| Highly cited | No |