Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Analyzing political parties’ marketing manifestos for election 2024

A case study of Pakistan

Bibliographic Data

ID22110930
AuthorsMuhammad Younus (0000-0001-9654-1546, Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta, corresponding author), Halimah Abdul Manaf (Northern University of Malaysia), Achmad Nurmandi (0000-0002-6730-0273, Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta), Dyah Mutiarin (0000-0003-3171-8915, Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta), Andi Adawiah (Lampung University), Eliza Meiyani (0000-0002-0788-0501, Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta)
Year2026
Volume12
Issue1
Publication date2026-12-31
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueCogent Social Sciences (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 2331-1886 • E-ISSN: 2331-1886
PublisherInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/23311886.2026.2633802
OpenAlexW7131311927
LanguageEN
References cited22

This research aims to critically analyze the manifestos of major political parties for Pakistan’s 2024 general elections, providing insight to voters, policymakers, and stakeholders to support informed choices and constructive debate. Employing a qualitative methodology, this study applies thematic analysis and critical discourse analysis to investigate how parties structure economic, governance, social, and foreign policy issues. The manifestos are coded in various fields, including poverty alleviation, inflation control, global warming, national security, and intra-regional relations. It is with this systematic approach that patterns of recurrence, ideological leanings, and the practicability level of policy can be identified. The findings indicate that while manifestos differ in orientation—PPP subscribes to a model of welfare populism, PTI adopts a reformist populism, and PML-N specializes in developmentalism—they are unanimous in prioritizing short-term electioneering promises, such as subsidies and infrastructure promises, over observable long-term changes. There is a remarkable imbalance between rhetorical commitments and feasible implementation mechanisms across all parties, confirming the symbolic over programmatic character of manifestos in Pakistan’s politics. By positioning these observations within the lenses of populism theory, political marketing, and critical discourse analysis, the study explains how Pakistani manifestos are more likely to be instruments of symbolic marketing and voter mobilization than social compacts

Constructive · Critical discourse analysis · Ideology · Political communication · Politics · Populism · Rhetorical device · Rhetorical question · Subsidy · Thematic analysis · Asian Studies and History · Politics and Conflicts in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Middle East · Populism, Right-Wing Movements

  • Revisiting Kenya’s defunct Building Bridges Initiative

    Open Access•Albert Gordon Omulo•Cogent Arts and Humanities•2023

  • Exploring the Influence of Government Data Performance on Knowledge Capabilities

    Open Access•D R Mukhametov•Social Sciences•2022

  • Does population size matter? Political participation of citizens through mobile instant messaging services depending on the place of residence

    Open Access•Laura Alonso-Muñoz, Andreu Casero-Ripollés•Catalan Journal of Communication…•2022

  • Multidimensional Political Marketing Mix Model for Developing Countries

    Tamgid Ahmed Chowdhury, Shahneela Naheed•Journal of Political Marketing•2019

  • Celebrities, Advertising Endorsement, and Political Marketing in Spain

    Jorge David Fernández Gómez, Antonio Pineda et al.•Journal of Political Marketing•2021

  • Feminism as a polarizing axis of the political conversation on Twitter

    Open Access•Patricia Durántez-Stolle, Raquel Martínez-Sanz et al.•El Profesional de la Informacion•2023

  • Future scenarios of Digital Social Innovation in urban governance. A collective discussion on the socio-political implications in Ghent

    Open Access•Chiara Certomà•Cities•2022

  • In varietate concordia?! Political parties’ digital political marketing in the 2019 European Parliament election campaign

    Open Access•Simon Kruschinski, Matlhogonolo Bene et al.•European Union Politics•2022

  • Re-living a Common Future in the Face of Ecological Disaster

    Open Access•Susanne Normann•Human Arenas•2021

  • Suspicious Minds

    Open Access•Philippe Mongrain•Political Research Quarterly•2023

  • Political Parties and Violence in Karachi, Pakistan

    Open Access•Niloufer Siddiqui•Comparative Political Studies•2023

  • Reshaping the Threat Environment

    Open Access•John Chin, Abel Escribà-Folch et al.•Comparative Political Studies•2022

Citation velocityhistorical
Highly citedNo
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae