Healthcare architecture and biophilic design

This study evaluates how biophilic design principles influence user experience and healing processes in healthcare buildings by examining projects developed for the Bodrum Health Foundation Physiotherapy and Hydrotherapy Center National Architectural Project Competition. It also investigates how biophilic strategies are interpreted in early stage proposals where conceptual intentions are not yet shaped by construction constraints. Biophilic design enhances psychological and physiological well being by strengthening the relationship between people and nature. The study employs a qualitative multiple case analysis based on fourteen biophilic design patterns identified in the literature. Nine competition projects were systematically assessed through content analysis. Each project was examined using a standardized scoring matrix derived from established frameworks. Jury reports were also reviewed to clarify how design decisions aligned with competition expectations. The projects demonstrated strong performance in core biophilic components including visual connection to nature, integration with natural systems, use of natural materials and the provision of refuge. Although biophilic strategies were not mandatory most designers consciously or indirectly integrated nature based approaches. Experiential and symbolic patterns such as sensory diversity and mystery were represented to a more limited extent. The findings show that biophilic design requires a holistic strategy that addresses sensory experience spatial organization and psychological needs. The study indicates that biophilic principles are becoming an emerging tendency within Turkish architectural competition culture. These insights reflect patterns observed in a single competition context and further research across different building types is needed to support generalization

Conceptual framework · Experiential learning · Health care · Level design · Thematic analysis · Facilities and Workplace Management · Urban Design and Spatial Analysis · Urban Green Space and Health