The Making of The Early Bronze Age in Anatolia

Datos Bibliográficos

ID22240257
AutoresMehmet Özdoğan (Istanbul University, autor de correspondencia)
Año2023
Volumen3
Número1
Páginas1-58
Fecha de publicación2023-10-16
Peer ReviewedSí
Open AccessSí
TipoARTICLE
RevistaOld World Journal of Ancient Africa and Eurasia (JOURNAL)
Identificadores de la revistaISSN: 2667-0755 • E-ISSN: 2667-0755
EditorialWalter de Gruyter GmbH (PUBLISHER • DE)
DOI10.1163/26670755-20230007
OpenAlexW4387778439
IdiomaEN
Citas recibidas3
Referencias citadas37

In Anatolian archaeology, as it is the case in the neighbouring regions of the Near East and Aegean, the Bronze Age is considered in three consecutive stages, however, defined not in accordance with metallurgical achievements, but on changing modalities in social and economic structures. Before the beginning of the Early Bronze Age there were fully established farming communities across almost all of Anatolia, though subsisting mainly on family-level farming with no indication of complex social structuring. Likewise, during the final stages of the Late Chalcolithic there was a notable decrease in population, particularly in Central and Western Anatolia. In this respect, the south-eastern parts of Anatolia differ considerably from the rest of the peninsula, developing a complex socio-economic model in connection with the bordering regions of Syro-Mesopotamia. This pattern changed by incoming migration from the north, with subsequent dense population patterns in the eastern and western parts of the peninsula. Following the reorganization and consolidation of this system, the Early Bronze Age is characterized by urbanisation, institutionalized long-distance trade, intensification and revolutionized agricultural and weaving practices. The urban model that developed in Anatolia differs considerably from those of the Near East both in size and in organization. The Middle Bronze Age is marked by state formations, which by the Late Bronze Age developed into empires with their own foreign policies. Concerning the role of metals, copper and lead were used since the Neolithic and arsenic bronze by the Late Chalcolithic. The Bronze Age may be viewed as a time of mass production and development of complex technologies in casting, alloying and forming

Ancient history · Archaeology · Bronze · Bronze Age · Chalcolithic · Geography · Iron Age · Mesopotamia · Middle East · Peninsula · Population · Urbanization · Ancient Near East History · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies · Demography · History · Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts · Ecology