Muʿtezilî Bilimsel Açıklama Teorisi ve Olağanüstü Fenomenlerin İzahı

This article aims to present a theoretical framework for the approaches of classical period Muʿtazilite theologians towards extraordinary phenome-na. In this context, the question of the extent to which Muʿtazilite theologi-ans’ approaches to the extraordinary phenomena are compatible with their explanations of knowledge/science and existence/universe will be ad-dressed. The article will first outline the different forms of explanation that Muʿtazilite theologians developed regarding knowledge/science and exist-ence/universe, and then move on to how phenomena are explained within the framework of these explanatory models. Here, a classification of these phenomena as extraordinary phenomena (ontological extraordinary), phe-nomena that appear to be extraordinary but are in fact natural phenomena (pseudo-extraordinary), and extraordinary but natural phenomena (episte-mological extraordinary) will be proposed, and the question of to what ex-tent the scientific explanation models in Muʿtazilite theology explain the particular phenomena under this classification will be investigated. In this framework, we will try to reveal how the three models of substance-accidentalist, naturalist and substance-accidentalist, naturalist and anti-atomist explain miracles, extraordinary phenomena such as magic, sorcery, sleight of hand, and epistemological extraordinary phenomena, respectively. In the explanation of these phenomena, while we observe references to the theories of tawlīd and iʿtimād by substance-accidentalist/anti-naturalist theologians, as well as to the theories of tabʿu’l-mahal and kumūn-zuhūr by naturalist theologians, we will try to reveal how they ultimately explain such phenomena on the basis of metaphysical principle

Physics · Families in Therapy and Culture · Historical and Linguistic Studies · Islamic Thought and Society Studies