At the Intersection of Geography, History, and Archaeology

Until recently, the term “early medieval stronghold in Ortel Książęcy” was used to describe a small feature clearly visible on the surface. However, LiDAR data have revealed that this feature is merely a small component of a larger fortification system consisting of several lines of ramparts and moats – currently invisible in the landscape. This study aimed to determine the timing and causes of the disappearance of the perimeter ramparts from the archaeological landscape. A comparison of archival plans and maps showed that the circumferential ramparts of this fortification, invisible today, were eroded by water, which was the result of changes in the local configuration of the hydrographic network. This was likely the consequence of a major flood on the Zielawa River. Based on the dates of maps’ publication, it was possible to determine that this event took place between 1779 and the end of the 18th century

Component (thermodynamics) · Event (particle physics) · Feature (linguistics) · Flood myth · Intersection (aeronautics) · Term (time) · Agriculture, Water, and Health · Archaeological Research and Protection · Landscape and Cultural Studies