Midnight Basketball and The 1994 Crime Bill Debates

The Operation of a Racial Code

Bibliographic Data

ID2277246
AuthorsDarren Wheelock (0000-0003-4224-3417, Marquette University, corresponding author), D Hartmann (0000-0002-6436-2209, University of Minnesota)
Year2007
Volume48
Issue2
Pages315-342
Publication date2007-05-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueSociological Quarterly (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0038-0253 • E-ISSN: 1533-8525
PublisherInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1111/j.1533-8525.2007.00080.x
OpenAlexW2088114935
LanguageEN
Citations received17
References cited56

This study examines the symbolic politics associated with the adoption of the omnibus $30 billion federal crime bill of 1994. Based upon critical race theory and close readings of Congressional hearings and print media coverage, we argue that race was the key to midnight basketball's prominence in the legislative debates and that its introduction ultimately reduced prevention-oriented provisions included in the final legislation. The central empirical contribution is a content analysis that specifies how racially coded references to midnight basketball exerted their impact on the political process through the discursive framing of the bill. We find that while midnight basketball directly increased attention to race in the debates, its real impact was more indirect, serving to heighten fears of crime and produce images of criminals that made prevention appear misguided. In contrast to bottom-up theoretical approaches, these discursive shifts worked at the level of elite decision makers, the legislators themselves. The article concludes by drawing out the implications of this case study for theories of how the politics of race operate in the contemporary American political arena, especially those concerning crime control

Basketball · Content analysis · Criminology · Elite · Frame analysis · Framing (construction) · Legislation · Legislature · Midnight · Political science · Politics · Race (biology) · Racialization · Social science · Sociology · Crime Patterns and Interventions · Crime, Deviance, and Social Control · Gender Studies · History · Law · Policing Practices and Perceptions

Tools

Open DOISci-Hub