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Resumo

This article examines what constitutes effective coalitions by comparing four different coalition‐based gender policy campaigns in South Korea. The study analyzes how the composition of coalitions and the division of labor within them influenced the creation of strong versus weak coalitions. Drawing on archival and interview data, a theoretical model of a layered coalition structure is developed, consisting of three positions: initiator, coordinator, and supporter. While all coalitions shared this structural framework, their sustainability and mobilization capacity varied based on differences in the division of labor within this structure. The study argues that coalitions exerted strong influence on policy changes when initiated by locally embedded activists, coordinated by professional activists, and expanded through diverse supporters. Conversely, coalitions were less impactful when policy experts initiated the efforts and coordinators played minimal roles as bridge builders, resulting in less diverse supporter involvement.

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