Relative Deprivation
A Theoretical and Meta-Analytic Review
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 23312949 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Heather J Smith (0000-0003-0811-729X, Sonoma State University of California, Rohnert Park, CA, USA), T F Pettigrew (0000-0002-2440-7150, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA), Gina M Pippin (Sonoma State University of California, Rohnert Park, CA, USA), Silvana Bialosiewicz (Sonoma State University of California, Rohnert Park, CA, USA) |
| Year | 2012 |
| Volume | 16 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 203-232 |
| Publication date | 2012-08-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Personality and Social Psychology Review (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1532-7957 • E-ISSN: 1088-8683 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1177/1088868311430825 |
| PMID | 22194251 |
| OpenAlex | W1979545112 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 556 |
| References cited | 263 |
Relative deprivation (RD) is the judgment that one is worse off compared to some standard accompanied by feelings of anger and resentment. Social scientists use RD to predict a wide range of significant outcome variables: collective action, individual achievement and deviance, intergroup attitudes, and physical and mental health. But the results are often weak and inconsistent. The authors draw on a theoretical and meta-analytic review (210 studies composing 293 independent samples, 421 tests, and 186,073 respondents) to present a model that integrates group and individual RD. RD measures that (a) include justice-related affect, (b) match the outcome level of analysis, and (c) use higher quality measures yield significantly stronger relationships. Future research should focus on appropriate RD measurement, angry resentment, and the inclusion of theoretically relevant situational appraisals. Such methodological improvements would revitalize RD as a useful social psychological predictor of a wide range of important individual and social processes.
Affect (linguistics) · Anger · Deviance (statistics) · Feeling · Political science · Relative deprivation · Resentment · Situational ethics · Optimism, Hope, and Well-being · Psychology · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Social Psychology
Collectivized Suffering Among Marginalized Group Members
Religious groups and migration
Patterns of fairness perceptions and their associations with immigrant inclusion, willingness for redistribution, and overall social inclusion
Economic Inequality is Masculine
Neighborhood-Based Relative Deprivation and Willingness to Protest the 2020 U.S. Presidential Election
Wealth Paradox
Meinungsfreiheit in Gefahr? Wie politische Einstellungen und individuelle Erfahrungen die Wahrnehmung der Meinungsfreiheit in Deutschland prägen
Network Analysis of the Association between Minority Stress and Activism in LGB People from Poland
How does group-relative deprivation affect the intentions of online collective behavior? Evidence from the chain mediating dynamics of group efficacy and group-based anger
Effects of anger and trigger identity on triggered displaced aggression among college students
Why does browsing social networking sites increase conspicuous consumption? The effects of relative deprivation and subjective socioeconomic status
Relative deprivation and forgiveness among Chinese college students
American Men’s and Women’s Beliefs about Gender Discrimination
From Ressentiment to Resentment as a Tertiary Emotion
Evaluación de (in)justicia distributiva en jóvenes de Centroamérica
Objective socioeconomic status, subjective social status and the digital usage divide
Longitudinal associations between relative deprivation and non-suicidal self-injury in early adolescents
El issue de la inmigración en los votantes de VOX en las Elecciones Generales de noviembre de 2019
Profound organizational change, psychological distress and burnout symptoms
Positive and negative intergroup contact and newcomer immigrants’ psychological adjustment
Hidden consequences of political efficacy
Economic Crisis and Popular Protest in Iceland, January 2009
Turkish-Dutch youths’ attitude toward violence for defending the in-group
Političko (ne)povjerenje kao odrednica glasanja i sklonosti protestnim oblicima političkog sudjelovanja
Is subjective social status a unique correlate of physical health? A meta-analysis.
Testing the social identity relative deprivation (Sird) model of social change
The impact of economic crisis on civic attitudes
Toward a comprehensive and potentially cross-cultural model of why people engage in collective action
Theories of power
The socialization of perceived discrimination in ethnic minority groups
Subjective socioeconomic status causes aggression
Resistance in repressive contexts
Negotiating comfort and conservation
Does Subjective Social Status Predict Suicidality beyond Objective Social Status in the United States?
How do people view income inequality in China? An interactive framework of inequality and economic growth
Perceived income inequality, perceived unfairness and subjective social status in Europe
The geography of discontent
The Effect of Materialism on Relative Deprivation
Social Comparison Theory
Social Comparison
Testing the Social Identity Model of Collective Action Longitudinally and Across Structurally Disadvantaged and Advantaged Groups
Individuals in Movements
A social identity analysis of responses to economic inequality
The Making of Violent Extremists
Positional deprivation and support for radical right and radical left parties
An investigation of the social identity model of collective action and the ‘sedative’ effect of intergroup contact among Black and White students in South Africa
Household energy use
Who thinks they're a big fish in a small pond and why does it matter? A meta-analysis of perceived overqualification
Basic psychological needs satisfaction and fear of missing out
Through Rose-Colored Glasses
How risk perception shapes collective action intentions in repressive contexts
Relative Deprivation
In Pursuit of Three Theories
Differential Mediating Role of Sense of Security in the Association Between Relative Deprivation and Impulsive/Premeditated Aggression Among Chinese Offenders
Political distrust
Explaining Chile’s Estallido Social
Do Group-Based Inequalities Feel More Unjust? Experimental Evidence from Economically Disadvantaged Groups in India, South Africa, and the United States
Beyond Mutual Acculturation
The unfairness we feel
Effects of Environmental Quality Perception on Depression
New evidence on the relationship between income and subjective well-being
Physical activity and non-suicidal self-injurious behavior in Chinese adolescents
Effects of Relative Leisure Deprivation between Regions on Life Satisfaction in Koreans
Leaving the Homestead
Upward social comparison on network and alcohol dependence in college students
Aboriginal Status and Neighborhood Income Inequality Moderate the Relationship between School Absenteeism and Early Childhood Development
Impact of campus living conditions on Chinese medical school students’ mental health during the Covid-19 campus lockdown
Research on the Driving Factors of Collective Nostalgia and the Impact of Collective Nostalgia on National Brand Consciousness
The mediating role of job fairness and job burnout between subjective social status and depressive symptoms in Chinese migrant workers
The Rohingya Refugee Crisis
Subjective Socioeconomic Status Moderates Self-Esteem Reactivity to Daily Stressor Exposure
The mechanics of contentious politics
On a tendency in health economics to dwell on income inequality and underestimate social stress
The role of shyness in cyberbullying perpetration
Bullying victimization and suicidal ideation among Chinese adolescents
Adolescent Socioeconomic Status and Mental Health Inequalities in the Netherlands, 2001–2017
Validation of the Personal Relative Deprivation Scale in Chinese college students
The relationship between relative deprivation and fear of missing out in college students
Relative Deprivation Leads to the Endorsement of “Anti-Chicken Soup” in China
Association between Happiness and Economic Status among Older Adults in Two Myanmar Regions
Examining the Effects of Overtime Work on Subjective Social Status and Social Inclusion in the Chinese Context
Do Gamers Play for Money? A Moderated Mediation of Gaming Motives, Relative Deprivation, and Upward Mobility
Social mobility beliefs moderate links between SSS, attributions for wealth and poverty, and aggression
Objective Relative Income Impacts Life Satisfaction and Positive Affect Only When Subjective Absolute Income is High
Perceived discrimination and employment anxiety among impoverished students in Chinese higher vocational colleges
Changing Our Ideas
Perceived Fairness and Life Satisfaction
Whether people justify and challenge economic inequality depends on the activities of social movements
Navigating social change and social harmony
The Pandemic of Poverty
Poverty-conflict nexus in Sub-Saharan Africa
Air pollution, migrants’ health inequality, and China’s Cross-regional Medical Insurance Scheme
Modelling collective action to change social norms around domestic violence
Knowledge mapping of relative deprivation theory and its applicability in tourism research
Paradise lost- the effect of the erosion of collegiality and academic freedom on psychological safety of academics
Dignity displaced
The mediating role of psychological entitlement in the relationship between relative deprivation and prosocial behavior among college students
American Older Adults in Covid-19 Times
The effect of social exclusion on aggressive behavior among Chinese college students
Exploring the relationship between multiple dimensions of subjective socioeconomic status and self-reported physical and mental health
What is to be done about law and order?
Social comparison processes
The social psychology of collective action
Continuities in social research
Social and Psychological Bases of Ideology and System Justification
Introduction to Meta‐Analysis
Introduction to Meta‐Analysis
Double Relative Deprivation
Anger and Guilt About Ingroup Advantage Explain the Willingness for Political Action
Unemployment, Relative Deprivation, and Social Protest
The Influence of Perceived Injustice on the Endorsement of Political Leaders 1
Neighborhood, family, and subjective socioeconomic status
Perceived overqualification and its outcomes
Memory for schema‐relevant information
Subjective social status
Perceived Socioeconomic Status
Personality-based hardiness as a buffer for discrimination-related stress in members of Toronto's Chinese community.
The Psychology of Preferences
Social Movement Participation in the Digital Age
A Study of Ghetto Rioters
Does perceived unfairness exacerbate or mitigate interpersonal counterproductive work behaviors related to envy?
Relationship Between Subjective Social Status and Measures of Health in Older Taiwanese Persons
Attitudes toward group‐based inequality
Group‐based guilt as a predictor of commitment to apology
A model of egoistical relative deprivation.
Psychological testing and psychological assessment
How Young and Older Adults Differ in Their Responses to Perceived Age Discrimination.
Adolescents' Perceptions of Social Status
Reference points, anchors, norms, and mixed feelings
When Prosperity Breeds Intergroup Hostility
Understanding Judgments of Fairness in a Real-World Political Context
Angry opposition to government redress
Money and Happiness
Impact of Objective and Subjective Social Status on Obesity in a Biracial Cohort of Adolescents
Relational Meaning and Discrete Emotions
Relationship of subjective and objective social status with psychological and physiological functioning
Pattern of Human Concerns
Verband tussen relatiewe deprivasie en militansie
The Importance of Fairness and Equity for the Marital Satisfaction of Older Women
Assimilative and Contrastive Emotional Reactions to Upward and Downward Social Comparisons
Collective Self-Esteem and Psychological Well-Being among White, Black, and Asian College Students
Collective action and psychological change
Relative Deprivation
Relative deprivation theory
The Role of Threats in the Racial Attitudes of Blacks and Whites
Relative Deprivation and the Gini Coefficient
Does Subjective Social Status Predict Health and Change in Health Status Better Than Objective Status
Using Group Consciousness Theories to Understand Political Activism
Deservingness and emotions
Writing meta-analytic reviews
Predictors of Young Australians' Attitudes Toward Aboriginals, Asians and Arabs
Feelings of Deprivation, Death Anxiety, and Depressive Symptoms among Funeral Directors
Self‐referenced’ relative deprivation and economic beliefs
Agrarian Protest in Alberta
When Peace Agreements Create Spoilers
Status, Legitimacy, and Ingroup Bias in the Context of an Organizational Merger
Effects of Perceived Economic Competition on People’s Willingness to Help Empower Immigrants
Responding to Membership of a Low-Status Group
Relative deprivation and intergroup competition
Perceptions of the Intergroup Structure and Anti-Asian Prejudice Among White Australians
Responding to Discrimination as a Function of Meritocracy Beliefs and Personal Experiences
The Relative Impact of Socio-Structural Characteristics on Behavioral Reactions Against Membership in a Low-Status Group
Predictors of Cultural Adjustment
Perceiving and Feeling Personal Discrimination
What Benefits the Group Can Also Benefit the Individual
Perceptions of Injustice in the Chinese Countryside
Effects of experienced discrimination and different forms of relative deprivation among Surinamese, a Dutch ethnic minority group
Self Perceptions and Social Misconceptions
Antecedents and Consequences of Perceived Personal Gender Discrimination
Grievance Formation in a Country in Transition
From Ethnocentrism to Collective Protest
Social Identification As a Determinant of Concerns About Individual-, Group-, and Inclusive-Level Justice
Social comparison and experience of injustice
Leaving Hong Kong
Protest Movements in America
The Influence of Subjective Social Status on Vulnerability to Postpartum Smoking Among Young Pregnant Women
Weathering” and Age Patterns of Allostatic Load Scores Among Blacks and Whites in the United States
Expected Family Size and Perceived Status Deprivation among High School Senior Women
Relative deprivation and international migration oded stark
Social comparison choices in the classroom
Will moral outrage stand up
The impact of salient self‐identities on relative deprivation and action intentions
The relation of formal education to ethnic prejudice
Ingroup identification and relative deprivation
By whose standard? The affective implications of ethnic minorities' comparisons to ethnic minority and majority referents
Perceived group and personal discrimination
Reconceptualizing relative deprivation in the context of dramatic social change
Why do citizens want to keep refugees out? Threats, fairness and hostile norms in the treatment of asylum seekers
Rechtsextremismus von Jugendlichen
Das Deprivationskonzept in der Rechtsextremismusforschung
A Signpost for Research on Fluoridation Conflicts
The Advantages of Multilevel Approaches
Shaping the Organizational Context for Black American Inclusion
Racial Socialization, Comparison Levels, and the Watts Riot 1
Relative Deprivation and Intergroup Prejudice
Symbolic Racism
Relative Deprivation, Rising Expectations, and Black Militancy
Equity and sexual satisfaction in recently married couples
Relations among emotion, appraisal, and emotional action readiness
Who Gets Involved in Collective Action
| Unique citing works | 556 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 37,07 |
| Citation span | 2011 - 2027 (17) |
| Citation velocity | recent |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 521 |