The Increasing Trend in Caesarean Section Rates
Global, Regional and National Estimates: 1990-2014
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 23323866 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Ana Pilar Betran (0000-0002-5631-5883, World Health Organization, corresponding author), Jianfeng Ye (0000-0002-5815-928X, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University), Anne-Beth Moller (World Health Organization), Jun Zhang (0000-0003-1706-1611, Shanghai Jiao Tong University), A Metin Gülmezoglu (0000-0003-4674-0998, World Health Organization), Maria Regina Torloni (0000-0003-4944-0720, Universidade Federal de São Paulo) |
| Editors | Hajo Zeeb (0000-0001-7677-7797) |
| Year | 2016 |
| Volume | 11 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | e0148343 |
| Publication date | 2016-02-05 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | PLoS ONE (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1932-6203 • E-ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| Publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0148343 |
| PMID | 26849801 |
| OpenAlex | W2271393109 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 106 |
| References cited | 27 |
BACKGROUND: Caesarean section (CS) rates continue to evoke worldwide concern because of their steady increase, lack of consensus on the appropriate CS rate and the associated additional short- and long-term risks and costs. We present the latest CS rates and trends over the last 24 years. METHODS: We collected nationally-representative data on CS rates between 1990 to 2014 and calculated regional and subregional weighted averages. We conducted a longitudinal analysis calculating differences in CS rates as absolute change and as the average annual rate of increase (AARI). RESULTS: According to the latest data from 150 countries, currently 18.6% of all births occur by CS, ranging from 6% to 27.2% in the least and most developed regions, respectively. Latin America and the Caribbean region has the highest CS rates (40.5%), followed by Northern America (32.3%), Oceania (31.1%), Europe (25%), Asia (19.2%) and Africa (7.3%). Based on the data from 121 countries, the trend analysis showed that between 1990 and 2014, the global average CS rate increased 12.4% (from 6.7% to 19.1%) with an average annual rate of increase of 4.4%. The largest absolute increases occurred in Latin America and the Caribbean (19.4%, from 22.8% to 42.2%), followed by Asia (15.1%, from 4.4% to 19.5%), Oceania (14.1%, from 18.5% to 32.6%), Europe (13.8%, from 11.2% to 25%), Northern America (10%, from 22.3% to 32.3%) and Africa (4.5%, from 2.9% to 7.4%). Asia and Northern America were the regions with the highest and lowest average annual rate of increase (6.4% and 1.6%, respectively). CONCLUSION: The use of CS worldwide has increased to unprecedented levels although the gap between higher- and lower-resource settings remains. The information presented is essential to inform policy and global and regional strategies aimed at optimizing the use of CS.
Geography · Latin Americans · Political science · Statistics · Trend analysis · Breastfeeding Practices and Influences · Demography · Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions · Mathematics · Reproductive Health and Contraception
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An impact evaluation of the strategy for normal birth care on caesarean section rates and perinatal mortality in Spain
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Socioeconomic differences in caesarean section – are they explained by medical need? An analysis of patient record data of a large Kenyan hospital
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| Unique citing works | 106 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 10,6 |
| Citation span | 2016 - 2026 (11) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 87 |