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Varieties of Populism

Literature Review and Research Agenda

Bibliographic Data

ID23325367
AuthorsNoam Gidron (0000-0002-0217-1204, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, corresponding author), B Bonikowski (0000-0003-0107-0644, Harvard University)
Year2013
Publication date2013-01-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueSSRN Electronic Journal (REPOSITORY)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1556-5068 • E-ISSN: 1556-5068
PublisherElsevier BV (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.2139/ssrn.2459387
OpenAlexW1522331302
LanguageEN
Citations received174
References cited65

Political science · Politics · Populism · Electoral Systems and Political Participation · Law · Media Influence and Politics · Populism, Right-Wing Movements · Public Administration

  • On Populism and Democracy

    Federico Finchelstein, Nadia Urbinati•Populism•2018

  • Is Europe’s right wing turn due to immigration? Empirical evidence from Italy

    Open Access•Pierre Georges Van Wolleghem, Nicola Pasini•Open Political Science•2020

  • Populism in the 2019 General Elections. Analysis of the speeches by the three right-wing candidates on Twitter

    Open Access•Tamara Vázquez Barrio•Communication & Society•2021

  • The Looming, Crazy Stalker Coronavirus

    Open Access•Alexandrea J Ravenelle, Andy Newell et al.•Socius Sociological Research for…•2021

  • Electoral support for left wing populist parties in Europe

    Andrés Santana, Jander Rama•European Politics and Society•2018

  • European Union, populism and religious minorities

    A Giorgi•European Politics and Society•2020

  • Are post-Soviet leaders doomed to be populist? A comparative analysis of Putin and Nazarbayev

    Ирина Бусыгина, Irina Busygina•European Politics and Society•2019

  • Evangelicals and the Encounter with Islam

    Open Access•G Jean Smith•Entangled Religions•2018

  • El Desarrollo Teórico Del Populismo. Hacia Una Sistematización De Lo Escrito Sobre El Populismo Como Fenómeno Político

    Open Access•Rodolfo E Colalongo, Rodolfo Colalongo•Cultura Latinoamericana Revista…•2020

  • What is Populism? Who is the Populist

    Open Access•Jean-Paul Gagnon, Emily Beausoleil et al.•Democratic Theory•2018

  • Populismos del norte y del sur

    Open Access•Carlos H Waisman•Sociología Histórica•2020

  • Policy Making in Populist Context

    Open Access•Negin Bavili•Open Journal of Political Science•2017

  • From Begin to Netanyahu

    Tom Lourie•Israeli Studies Review•2025

  • Post-Communist Populism in Poland

    Arkadiusz Lewandowski, Marcin Polakowski•Ethnopolitics•2023

  • Populizm jako krytyka idei i praktyki współczesnej reprezentacji politycznej. Prolegomena

    Open Access•Marcin Polakowski•Polityka i Społeczeństwo•2023

  • Revisiting Latin American Media Democratisation Theories and the Populist Factor

    Open Access•Edmundo Bracho-Polanco, Edmundo E Bracho-Polanco•tripleC Communication Capitalism…•2020

  • La nueva narrativa identitaria del populismo

    Open Access•Enrique Arroyas Langa, Pedro Luis Pérez Díaz•Cultura Lenguaje y Representación•2016

  • Political science in the age of populism

    Open Access•Duygu Ersoy, Jülide Karakoç•European Political Science•2021

  • Ollanta Humala Y El Fantasma Del Chavismo en Las Elecciones Peruanas De 2006

    Open Access•Ángel Dámaso Luis León•Cadernos PROLAM/USP•2016

  • Populismo em Portugal

    Open Access•Estrela Serrano•Media & Jornalismo•2020

  • Who are the losers of the economic crisis? Explaining the vote for rightwing populist parties in Europe after the Great Recession

    Open Access•Jander Rama, Gonzalo C Garcia•Revista Española de Ciencia…•2018

  • Personalism and the Trajectories of Populist Constitutions

    Open Access•David Landau•Annual Review of Law and Social…•2020

  • Could Populism Be Good for Constitutional Democracy

    Open Access•Bojan Bugarič•Annual Review of Law and Social…•2019

  • How sovereign is a populist? The nexus between populism and political economy of the AKP

    Open Access•Hüseyin Zengin, Hakan Ovunc Ongur•Turkish Studies•2019

  • Constructing alternative facts

    Open Access•Arthur Marwick, William Clyde Partin•New Media & Society•2022

  • Scientific and subversive

    Open Access•Andrea Römmele, R Gibson•New Media & Society•2020

  • European Populist Parties in Government

    Open Access•Ioannis Andreadis, Yannis Stavrakakis•Swiss Political Science Review•2017

  • The “refugee crisis” as an opportunity structure for right-wing populist social movements

    Open Access•Marco Bitschnau, Dennis Lichtenstein et al.•Studies in Communication Sciences•2021

  • What is urban populism

    Omri Cohen•Contemporary Politics•2025

  • Mistaken for populism

    Dan Paget•Journal of Political Ideologies•2021

  • Territorializing threats in nationalist populist narratives

    Anna Casaglia, Raffaella Coletti•Space and Polity•2021

  • The “Big Bang” of the populist parties in the European Union

    Joaquín Martín-Cubas, Anselm Bodoque et al.•Innovation The European Journal…•2018

  • Representación del Populismo en la prensa tradicional española

    Open Access•Carles Marín-Lladó, Carles Marín Lladó et al.•Zer - Revista de Estudios de…•2022

  • Understanding the Politics of Resentment

    Koncewicz Koncewicz•Indiana Journal of Global Legal…•2019

  • Gendering the New Right-wing Populisms

    Open Access•M Moghadam•Journal of World-Systems Research•2018

  • The Emerging Phenomenon of Anti-Chinese Populism in Africa

    Open Access•Hagan Sibiri•Insight on Africa•2021

  • Interventions on European nationalist populism and bordering in time of emergencies

    Open Access•Anna Casaglia, Raffaella Coletti et al.•Political Geography•2020

  • In the theater of political style

    Open Access•Carola Schoor•Discourse & Society•2017

  • The AKP between populism and neoliberalism

    Open Access•Tim Dorlach•New Perspectives on Turkey•2016

  • Populismo y polarización política en la Región Andina. Entre los líderes y la demanda populista

    Open Access•Sebastián Umpierrez De Reguero, Ingrid Ríos-Rivera et al.•Revista Stultifera•2022

  • Croatian Youth and Populism

    Open Access•Augustin Derado, Vanja Dergić et al.•Revija za sociologiju•2016

  • Geography, development, and power

    Open Access•John Cruzatti C, Christian Bjørnskov et al.•World Development•2024

  • Nostalgic deprivation and populism

    Open Access•Jeremy Ferwerda, Justin Gest et al.•European Journal of Political…•2025

  • The academic Trumpists

    Open Access•David L Swartz•Theory and Society•2020

  • A justified bad reputation after all? Dark personality traits and populist attitudes in comparative perspective

    Open Access•Nathalie Hofstetter, Maximilian Filsinger•Electoral Studies•2024

  • The populist impulse

    Open Access•Andrew Hunter•Electoral Studies•2024

  • Don't call me a populist! The meaning of populism for western European parties and politicians

    Open Access•Jakob Schwörer•Electoral Studies•2021

  • Will the real populists please stand up? A machine learning index of party populism

    Open Access•Andrea Celico, Martin Rode et al.•European Journal of Political…•2024

  • Legitimising populist education in Israel

    Open Access•Roi Silberberg, Ayman Agbaria•British Educational Research…•2021

  • Understanding varieties of populism in times of crises

    Manuela Caiani, Paolo Graziano•West European Politics•2019

  • Partidos Políticos Antiestablishment na Europa Central Pós 1989

    Open Access•Flávio Rodrigues Barbosa•Teoria e Pesquisa•2017

  • De Chávez a Trump

    Open Access•Gustavo Bianezzi Cilia•Teoria e Pesquisa•2017

  • Os usos do conceito de populismo no debate contemporâneo e suas implicações sobre a interpretação da democracia

    Open Access•Paulo Henrique Paschoeto Cassimiro•Revista Brasileira de Ciência…•2021

  • Covid-19, Fundeb e o populismo do governo Bolsonaro nas relações federativas

    Open Access•Daniel Arias Vazquez, Rogerio Schlegel•Revista Brasileira de Ciência…•2022

  • Impactos Políticos Da Educação

    Open Access•Rogerio Schlegel•Educação & Sociedade•2021

  • How Exclusionary Nationalism Has Made the World Socially Sicker from Covid-19

    Open Access•Prerna Singh•Nationalities Papers•2022

  • Populism, Nationalism, and Party Politics

    Open Access•Sherrill Stroschein•Nationalities Papers•2019

  • Moving Beyond European and Latin American Typologies

    Open Access•Yaprak Gürsoy•Journal of Contemporary Asia•2021

  • Peter Kivisto's The Trump Phenomenon

    Open Access•Hilmar Mjelde•American Studies in Scandinavia•2019

  • Populism, Neoliberalism and Agrarian Movements in Europe. Understanding Rural Support for Right‐Wing Politics and Looking for Progressive Solutions

    Open Access•Natalia Mamonova, Jaume Franquesa•Sociologia Ruralis•2019

  • Ethnography and the Making of “The People

    Open Access•Claudine M Pied•American Journal of Economics and…•2019

  • The fantasy of the populist disease and the educational cure

    Open Access•Edda Sant, Tony Brown•British Educational Research…•2021

  • Ideología política, populismo, alfabetización informacional y pensamiento crítico

    Open Access•Lydia Sánchez-Gómez, Sergio Villanueva Baselga et al.•Revista Latina de Comunicación…•2024

  • Faces of Populism in Central and South-Eastern Europe

    Open Access•Haris Dajč, Natasza Styczyńska•Faces of Populism in Central and…•2023

  • Party Education as Mobilisation

    Maria Arriaza Hult•Party Education as Mobilisation•2023

  • Righteous Revolutionaries

    Open Access•Jeffrey Javed, Jeffrey A Javed•Righteous Revolutionaries•2022

  • Building tolerant cities

    Open Access•Alwi Dahlan Ritonga, Muryanto Amin•Development in Practice•2026

  • Radical Right Populism and the Politics of Cruelty

    Open Access•Deborah Barros Leal Farias, Guilherme Casarões et al.•Global Studies Quarterly•2022

  • A new populism index at work

    Yannis Stavrakakis, Ioannis Andreadis et al.•European Politics and Society•2016

  • The populist turn in EU politics and the intermediary role of civil society organisations

    Open Access•Carlo Ruzza, Rosa Sanchez Salgado•European Politics and Society•2020

  • The populist radical right and its discursive impact on EU-Level civil society

    Carlo Ruzza•European Politics and Society•2020

  • Populist student organizations in Indonesia

    Open Access•Muryanto Amin, Alwi Dahlan Ritonga•Humanities and Social Sciences…•2023

  • Populism and the quest for political power

    Open Access•Sirvan Karimi•Humanities and Social Sciences…•2024

  • The Power of the Unworthy

    Open Access•Ivan Iurevich Vakhrushev•Genesis исторические исследования•2025

  • The Affects of Populism

    Open Access•Ruth Rebecca Tietjen•Journal of the American…•2023

  • Backlash Against Globalisation and the Shadow of Phobos

    Open Access•Marek Rewizorski•Fudan Journal of the Humanities…•2021

  • Populism and the China question

    Open Access•Anastas Vangeli•Asia Europe Journal•2025

  • Populism among European youth

    Open Access•Anna Miglietta, Alin Gavreliuc et al.•Current Psychology•2026

  • Economic liberalization, political regimes and ideology

    Open Access•Vítor Castro, Rodrigo Martins•Kyklos•2021

  • It's not the what but (also) the how”

    Open Access•María P Raveau, Claudio Fuentes-Bravo et al.•Frontiers in Political Science•2024

  • Unholy Alliance”

    Open Access•Megan Chrostowski•Zeitschrift für Religion…•2023

  • Populist discourse and the resulting discontent in hybrid regimes

    Open Access•H Kermani•Political Research Exchange•2022

  • Rural Populism and Tolerance for Political Violence

    Open Access•Jesse Callahan Bryant, J Tom Mueller et al.•Socius Sociological Research for…•2025

  • Filling a Void

    Open Access•Dwayne Woods•Chinese Political Science Review•2025

  • Right” Choice

    Open Access•Iza Ding, Marek Hlaváč•Chinese Political Science Review•2017

  • Populism in Search of its Model

    Open Access•Dwayne Woods•Chinese Political Science Review•2017

  • Political power and the globalizing spread of populist politics

    Ralph Schroeder•Journal of Political Power•2020

  • The Discursive Dimensions of Pernicious Polarization. Analysis of Right-Wing Populists in Western Europe on Twitter

    Open Access•Suania Acampa, Federica Nunziata•Social Sciences•2024

  • Which Dimensions Are Related to Populist Attitudes

    Open Access•Ricardo Pereira Soares, Carla Malafaia et al.•Societies•2024

  • Populism “made in Japan”

    Open Access•Toru Yoshida•Asian Journal of Comparative…•2019

  • What is populism good for? An experimental test of mobilization effects

    Open Access•Alexander Kustov, Yaoyao Dai•Research & Politics•2026

  • Legacy work

    Open Access•E J Levy•American Journal of Cultural…•2020

  • A Populist Zeitgeist ? The Communication Strategies of Western and Latin American Political Leaders on Facebook

    Open Access•Mattia Zulianello, Alessandro Albertini et al.•The International Journal of…•2018

  • The Limits of “Populism”

    Open Access•Meredith L Wei•Journal of Current Southeast…•2020

  • A Right‐Wing Populist Turn in the Conservative Party of Canada? Continuities and Ruptures Under the Leadership of Pierre Poilievre (2022–2025)

    Open Access•Efe Peker, Emily Laxer et al.•Canadian Review of Sociology/Revue…•2025

  • Collective memory and the populist cause

    Open Access•Meral Ugur-Cinar, Berat Uygar Altınok•Memory Studies•2021

  • What do we (not) know about demand-side populism? A systematic literature review on populist attitudes

    Open Access•Hugo Marcos-Marne, Homero Gil De Zúñiga et al.•European Political Science•2022

  • Reclaiming the People

    Open Access•Yoav Halperin•Television & New Media•2022

  • Populist Hyperpartisans

    Myiah J Hutchens, Brittany Shaughnessy et al.•Mass Communication & Society•2023

  • Contested equality

    Open Access•Johanna Kantola, Barbara Gaweda et al.•Comparative European Politics•2026

  • Populism

    Ernest Gellner, Ghita Ionescu•Populism•1969

  • The populist persuasion

    Michael Kazin•The populist persuasion•1995

  • Extreme Right Parties in Western Europe

    Piero Ignazi•Extreme right parties in Western…•2003

  • Ideologies and Political Theory

    Michael Freeden•Ideologies and Political Theory•1998

  • Populism in Europe and the Americas

    Open Access•Cas Mudde, Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser•Populism in Europe and the Americas•2012

  • Radical Right

    Open Access•P Norris•Radical Right•2005

  • Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe

    Open Access•Cas Mudde•Populist Radical Right Parties in…•2007

  • Radical Right-Wing Populism in Western Europe

    Open Access•Hans-Georg Betz, Hans‐georg Betz•Radical Right-Wing Populism in…•1994

  • The Tea Party and the Remaking of Republican Conservatism

    T Skocpol, Vanessa Williamson•The Tea Party and the remaking of…•2012

  • The Resurgence of the Latin American Left

    Steven Levitsky, Kenneth M Roberts•Resurgence of the Latin American…•2011

  • Venezuela's Chavismo and Populism in Comparative Perspective

    Open Access•Kirk Andrew Hawkins•Venezuela's Chavismo and Populism…•2010

  • Ideology

    Michael Freeden•Ideology•2003

  • Taking Politics to the People

    Open Access•Margaret Canovan•Democracies and the Populist…•2002

  • Latin America's Populist Revival

    Kenneth M Roberts•The SAIS review of international…•2007

  • Measuring Populism

    Teun Pauwels•Journal of Elections Public…•2011

  • The Right Wing in France

    René Rémond, James M Laux•Right Wing in France•1969

  • The Resurgence of the Radical Right in France

    Open Access•Gabriel Goodliffe•Resurgence of the Radical Right…•2012

  • The Failed Welfare Revolution

    B Steensland•Failed Welfare Revolution•2011

  • The Populist Vision

    Charles Postel•The Populist Vision•2007

  • The Populist Radical Right in Poland

    Rafal Pankowski•The populist radical right in…•2010

  • Politics on the Edges of Liberalism

    Benjamin Arditi•Politics on the Edges of Liberalism•2007

  • The Radical Right in Western Europe

    Open Access•Herbert Kitschelt•The Radical Right in Western Europe•1996

  • Re-inventing the Italian Right

    Stefano Fella, Carlo Ruzza•Reinventing the Italian right•2009

  • Presidential Leadership in Political Time

    Stephen Skowronek•Presidential Leadership in…•2024

  • Competitive Authoritarianism

    Open Access•Steven Levitsky, Lucan A Way•Competitive Authoritarianism…•2001

  • Toward a More Useful Conceptualization of Populism

    Open Access•Kevin Deegan‐krause, Tim Haughton•Politics & Policy•2009

  • More and More Restrictive—But Not Always Populist

    Tim Bale•Journal of Contemporary European…•2013

  • Populism and the Fall of the Centre-Right in Italy

    Stefano Fella, Carlo Ruzza•Journal of Contemporary European…•2013

  • Down with Elites and Up with Inequality

    Marian Sawer, David Laycock•Commonwealth and Comparative…•2009

  • Populism as a Spectre of Democracy

    Open Access•Benjamin Arditi•Political Studies•2004

  • Populist Seduction in Latin America

    Kenneth Maxwell, Carlos De La Torre•Foreign Affairs•2000

  • The Extreme Right in Western Europe

    Open Access•Airo Hino•Acta Politica•2007

  • Being intolerant of the intolerant. The exclusion of Western European anti-immigration parties and its consequences for party choice

    Open Access•Joost Van Spanje, Wouter Van Der Brug•Acta Politica•2009

  • An experimental test of the impact of style and rhetoric on the perception of right-wing populist and mainstream party leaders

    Open Access•Linda Bos, Wouter Van Der Brug et al.•Acta Politica•2013

  • Thrown around with abandon? Popular understandings of populism as conveyed by the print media

    Open Access•Tim Bale, Stijn Van Kessel et al.•Acta Politica•2011

  • New populist parties in Western Europe

    Paul Taggart•West European Politics•1995

  • A populist Zeitgeist ? Programmatic contagion by populist parties in Western Europe

    Open Access•Matthijs Rooduijn, Sarah L De Lange et al.•Party Politics•2014

  • The Breakthrough of Another West European Populist Radical Right Party? The Case of the True Finns

    Open Access•David Arter•Government and Opposition•2010

  • Explaining the rise of racist and extreme right violence in Western Europe

    Open Access•Ruud Koopmans•European Journal of Political…•1996

  • What Unites Right-Wing Populists in Western Europe

    Open Access•Elisabeth Ivarsflaten•Comparative Political Studies•2008

  • The Responses of Populism to Dahl's Democratic Dilemmas

    Open Access•Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser•Political Studies•2014

  • The Rise of Ethnopopulism in Latin America

    Open Access•Raúl L Madrid•World Politics•2008

  • Populists, Outsiders and Anti-Establishment Politics

    Open Access•Robert R Barr•Party Politics•2009

  • Contagious Parties

    Open Access•Joost Van Spanje•Party Politics•2010

  • The thin ideology of populism

    Ben Stanley•Journal of Political Ideologies•2008

  • Populist Democracies

    Open Access•Takis S Pappas•Government and Opposition•2014

  • The ambivalence of populism

    Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser•Democratization•2012

  • Democracy and Populism

    Open Access•Nadia Urbinati•Constellations•1998

  • Clarifying a Contested Concept

    K Weyland•Comparative Politics•2001

  • Populism, Political Conflict, and Grass-Roots Organization in Latin America

    Kenneth M Roberts•Comparative Politics•2006

  • Is Chávez Populist

    Open Access•Kirk Andrew Hawkins•Comparative Political Studies•2009

  • Populism as political communication style

    Open Access•Jan Jagers, Stefaan Walgrave•European Journal of Political…•2007

  • Rethinking Populism

    Open Access•Benjamin Moffitt, Simon Tormey•Political Studies•2013

  • Populism and competitive authoritarianism in the Andes

    Steven Levitsky, John Loxton et al.•Democratization•2013

  • The Populist Zeitgeist

    Open Access•Cas Mudde•Government and Opposition•2004

  • Democracies and the Populist Challenge

    Open Access•Yves Meny, Yves Surel•Democracies and the Populist…•2002

  • Democracy and Populism

    Open Access•Jerome Braun•Critical Sociology•2023

  • Populist Mobilization

    Open Access•Robert S Jansen•Sociological Theory•2011

Unique citing works174
Citations per year17,4
Citation span2016 - 2026 (11)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedYes
Citation typesNeutral: 112

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