High-Speed Scanning in Human Memory
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 23325906 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Saul Sternberg (0000-0002-5783-6285, Bell Telephone Laboratories, Murray Hill, New Jersey, corresponding author) |
| Year | 1966 |
| Volume | 153 |
| Issue | 3736 |
| Pages | 652-654 |
| Publication date | 1966-08-05 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Science (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0036-8075 • E-ISSN: 0193-4511 |
| Publisher | American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1126/science.153.3736.652 |
| PMID | 5939936 |
| OpenAlex | W2106654511 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 163 |
| References cited | 13 |
When subjects judge whether a test symbol is contained in a short memorized sequence of symbols, their mean reaction-time increases linearly with the length of the sequence. The linearity and slope of the function imply the existence of an internal serial-comparison process whose average rate is between 25 and 30 symbols per second.
Algorithm · Arithmetic · Biology · Function (biology) · Linearity · Physics · Process (computing) · Sequence (biology) · Symbol (formal) · Advanced Text Analysis Techniques · Computer Science · Genetics · Mathematics · Neural Networks and Applications · Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes
Deficient Suppression of Default Mode Regions during Working Memory in Individuals with Early Psychosis and at Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis
Investigating the Role of Current Strength in tDCS Modulation of Working Memory Performance in Healthy Controls
Working memory load reduces facilitated processing of threatening faces
Smiles make it easier and so do frowns
Stuck in a sad place
Herbart's mathematical psychology
The fate of Herbart's mathematical psychology
Bayesian Fundamentalism or Enlightenment? On the explanatory status and theoretical contributions of Bayesian models of cognition
Memory and Attentional Factors in Consumer Choice
Deriving exact predictions from the cascade model
Controlled and automatic human information processing
Orthographic processing in visual word recognition
Ironic processes of mental control.
Unwanted range effects from using within-subject experimental designs
Choice reaction time
Psychobiology of active and inactive memory
Retrieval rules and semantic coding in short-term memory
Reply to Poulton
Evolving conceptions of memory storage, selective attention, and their mutual constraints within the human information-processing system
Sternberg's additive factor method and underlying psychological processes
Stage analysis of reaction time
Benchmarks for models of short-term and working memory
Experimental investigation of chronic organic amnesia
Same"–"different" judgments
Mechanisms in Cognitive Psychology
Kinetic Art
Comparing psychological images of the social perceiver
The cognitive dynamics of salience in the attribution process
Turning a blind eye to temptation
Illusory correlation in the perception of groups
Sensitive maintenance
Automatic effort mobilization and the principle of resource conservation
Remembering schema-consistent information
Finger tapping strategy for pitch encoding of melodies
Experiments on Memory and Visual Scannings
The status of the concept of intelligence
Age differences in the speed of processing
Effects of age upon retrieval from short-term memory
Developmental change in proactive interference across the life span
Developmental differences in the memory search of categorized lists
Aging and the development of automaticity in visual search
Rhythm and syntax processing in school-age children
On social cognition
Intelligence and inspection time
The magical number 4 in short-term memory
A spreading-activation theory of semantic processing.
Sensory and Working Memory
Information Processing Architectures
Cognitive Psychology
Models of Working Memory
Quantifying Qualitative Analyses of Verbal Data
Controlled and automatic human information processing
The E-Z Reader model of eye-movement control in reading
How persuasive is a good fit? A comment on theory testing.
A theory of memory retrieval.
Human Memory
Semantic activation without conscious identification in dichotic listening, parafoveal vision, and visual masking
The nature of individual differences in working memory capacity
Guided Search 2.0 A revised model of visual search
Enrichment Effects on Adult Cognitive Development
Using confidence intervals in within-subject designs
Physical exercise and executive functions in preadolescent children, adolescents and young adults
Memory structures that subserve sentence comprehension
Speed-accuracy tradeoff and information processing dynamics
The discovery of processing stages
Computational principles of working memory in sentence comprehension
Top-down modulation
Exploring the Central Executive
Resource-rational analysis
Load Theory of Selective Attention and Cognitive Control.
Retrieval time from semantic memory
Pupil dilation as an index of effort in cognitive control tasks
‘Willpower’ over the life span
Cognitive Aging and Decision Making in the Twilight of Mnemonic Uncertainty
Age-Based Differences in Task Switching Are Moderated by Executive Control Demands
Taking Purpose into Account in Experimental Psychology
Effect of Association Value in a Memory Scan Task
Inefficient Preparatory fMRI-Bold Network Activations Predict Working Memory Dysfunctions in Patients with Schizophrenia
A Model for Generating Socially-Appropriate Deictic Behaviors Towards People
Introspection during short-term memory scanning
The Impacts of Sun Exposure on Worker Physiology and Cognition
Working Memory Selection and Competition between Target and Distractor Representations
Effects of Acute Ashwagandha Ingestion on Cognitive Function
Unchanged Cognitive Performance and Concurrent Prefrontal Blood Oxygenation After Accelerated Intermittent Theta-Burst Stimulation in Depression
Jensen's reaction-time studies
Automatic Affective Evaluation Does Not Automatically Predispose for Arm Flexion and Extension
Perspectives before incremental trans-disciplinary cross-validation of clinical self-evaluation tools and functional MRI in psychiatry
Association of Depression With Functional Mobility in Schizophrenia
Human-machine sense of agency
Cognitive load dissociates explicit and implicit measures of body ownership and agency
Consideration of culture in cognition
The ups and downs of bilingualism
Similarity as likelihood ratio
Explaining short-term memory phenomena with long-term memory theory
Bootstrapping the visuospatial bootstrapping effect and testing its spatialisation
Reprint of
Individual differences in working memory efficiency modulate proactive interference after sleep deprivation
How do exergame training affect college students’ spatial working memory? The differential role of cognitive engagement and exercise intensity
Effort avoidance is not simply error avoidance
The association between music performance skills and cognitive improvement in a musical instrument training program for older adults
| Unique citing works | 163 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 2,76 |
| Citation span | 1967 - 2026 (60) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 119 |