Women’s Employment and Commuting
Explaining the Links
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 23328496 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Heather Macdonald (0000-0003-2105-5919, University of Iowa, corresponding author), Heather I MacDonald (University of Iowa) |
| Year | 1999 |
| Volume | 13 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 267-283 |
| Publication date | 1999-02-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Planning Literature (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0885-4122 • E-ISSN: 1552-6593 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1177/08854129922092397 |
| OpenAlex | W2111224779 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 70 |
| References cited | 45 |
This article reviews recent research on the link between women’s commuting and labor force participation and identifies five key themes in the literature. Women’s shorter work trips have been explained in terms of women’s low wages, the need to coordinate dual roles as mothers and wage earners, and as a reflection of a more even distribution of jobs that traditionally hire women. Short work trips may also reflect spatial entrapment in highly localized labor markets. Finally, shorter work trips may reflect a spatial mismatch between low-income and minority women’s residential locations and entry-level jobs; thus, employment may entail much longer commutes for inner-city residents. This article evaluates research within each theme, identifies future research needs, and explores the implications for current policy debates over welfare reform.
Demographic economics · Economics · Labour economics · Political science · Sociology · Spatial mismatch · Theme (computing) · Transport engineering · TRIPS architecture · Wage · Welfare · Work (physics) · Engineering · Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics · Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies · Work-Family Balance Challenges
Estrutura Familiar e Escolha da Localização de Residência nas Cidades
Transportation implications of metropolitan spatial planning in mega-city Beijing
The prevalence and characteristics of commuting between small towns and regional centres in regional Victoria
Socio-economic aspects of commuting
Gendered activity spaces
Is There a Quiet Revolution in Women's Travel? Revisiting the Gender Gap in Commuting
Does commuting distance matter?
“It's driving her mad”
Beyond the Spatial Mismatch
En-gendering Effective Planning
Gender Differences in Job Search
Gender Differences in Chauffeuring Children among Dual-Earner Families
Daily mobility patterns of small business owners and homeworkers in post-industrial cities
Couple Households and the Commuting Time–Gender Gap
Gender Roles, Work-Life Balance, and Running for Office
Men, Women, Job Sprawl, and Journey to Work in the Philadelphia Region
Sex Changes Everything
The Prevalence and Characteristics of Commuting Between Small Towns and Regional Centres in Regional Victoria
It's work, physically and logistically”
Gendered key events in the life course
Urban mobility with a focus on gender
Gendered travel mode choice
Gender differences in the travel patterns of Chilean workers
Why they are experiencing long-time commuting
The influence of socioeconomic characteristics, land use and travel time considerations on mode choice for medium- and longer-distance trips
Are workers' commutes sensitive to changes in the labour market situation
Mining female commuter typology, commute cost and labor supply in Riyadh
Residential choice location, gender and the commute trip to work in Tel Aviv
Mode of transport to work by government employees in the Kumasi metropolis, Ghana
Representing the differences between female and male commute behavior in residential location choice models
Revisiting the gender gap in commuting through self-employment
Commuting for women in Saudi Arabia
The working poor and what GIS reveals about the possibilities of public transit
Constructing work travel inequalities
Commuting behaviour in sparsely populated areas
Generational trends of gendered mobility
Fragile synchronicities
Moving Welfare Participants to Work
Transportation Challenges of Low-Income Households with Children
Sharing fairly? Mobility, citizenship, and gender relations in two Swedish city-regions
Commuting Time Patterns of Dual-Earner Couples in Korea
Job Access and Commute Penalties
Car Use in Netherlands Daily Urban Systems
Elderly co-residence and the household responsibilities hypothesis
Bartering for Basics
Commuting Trips, Income and Gender in the Metropolitan Maputo, Mozambique
Women’s complex daily lives
Household structure and gender differences in travel time
Gender differences in commuting travel in the U.S
“Turn on the radio, bust out a song”
Accounting for Job Quality in Women’s and Men’s Commute Time to Work
Género y commuting en las regiones urbanas andaluzas
Daily Interaction of Housing and Labour Markets in North West England
Does local access to employment services reduce unemployment? A GIS analysis of One-Stop Career Centers
Women's challenging commutes in southern India
Gender and commuting time in São Paulo Metropolitan Region
Employment Sub-centres and Travel-to-Work Mode Choice in the Dublin Region
The relevance of job accessibility to labour market outcomes
Commuting, Migration, Housing and Labour Markets
Spatial and temporal segmenting of urban workplaces
Gender, Immigration and Commuting in Metropolitan Canada
Spatial Variation in Job Accessibility and Gender
Gender Differences in Commuting
The Struggle to Balance Work and Family Life During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Coresidential Union Entry and Changes in Commuting Times of Women and Men
Sex, Gender Dynamics, Differential Exposure, and Work-Family Conflict
Does moving for family nest-building inhibit mothers' labour force (re-)entry
Changes in gender role attitudes following couples' residential relocations
Homelessness, Travel Behavior, and the Politics of Transportation Mobilities in Long Beach, California
Interlocking Lives
American apartheid
Production, work, territory
Gender, Race, and Commuting Among Service Sector Workers∗
The Influence of Household Type on Gender Differences in Work Trip Distance∗
Inner‐city concentrated poverty and neighborhood distress
The changing geography of metropolitan opportunity
Housing Segregation, Negro Employment, and Metropolitan Decentralization
Gender, Work and Space
The Spatial Mismatch Hypothesis
Duration of trip-making activities by men and women
Journey to work and job search characteristics of the urban poor
Reconceptualizing the local labour market
Labor Market Experiences of Low-Income Black Women in Middle-Class Suburbs
Gender, Race, and the Determinants of Commuting
Employment Availability for Entry-Level Workers
Captive Rider, Captive Labor
Gender Differences in Work-Trip Length
Developing the Spatial Mismatch Hypothesis
Geographic Access to Job Opportunities and Labor-Force Participation Among Women and African Americans in the Greater Boston Metropolitan Area
Spatial Constraints on Rural Women Workers
The interaction of residential segregation and employment discrimination
The impact of job decentralization on the economic welfare of central city blacks
Residential segregation and the economic status of black workers
An Empirical Analysis of the Commute to Work Patterns of Males and Females in Two-Earner Households
Why Women Work Closer to Home
Workplace Location, Residential Location, and Urban Commuting
Spatial Mismatch or Automobile Mismatch? An Examination of Race, Residence and Commuting in US Metropolitan Areas
Gender Differences in Metropolitan Travel Behaviour
Suburban Pink Collar Ghettos
Why Poor People Do Not Move
Dynamic Dependencies
An Analysis of the Journey to Work for Women
The Journey to Work and Gender Inequality in Earnings
| Unique citing works | 70 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 2,69 |
| Citation span | 2000 - 2026 (27) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 65 |