In search of the focus of attention in working memory
13 Years of the Retro-Cue Effect
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 23336237 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Alessandra S Souza (0000-0002-1057-8426, University of Zurich, corresponding author), Klaus Oberauer (0000-0003-3902-7318, University of Zurich) |
| Year | 2016 |
| Volume | 78 |
| Issue | 7 |
| Pages | 1839-1860 |
| Publication date | 2016-10-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1943-3921 • E-ISSN: 1943-393X |
| Publisher | Springer Science and Business Media LLC (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.3758/s13414-016-1108-5 |
| PMID | 27098647 |
| OpenAlex | W2340942985 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 55 |
| References cited | 128 |
The concept of attention has a prominent place in cognitive psychology. Attention can be directed not only to perceptual information, but also to information in working memory (WM). Evidence for an internal focus of attention has come from the retro-cue effect: Performance in tests of visual WM is improved when attention is guided to the test-relevant contents of WM ahead of testing them. The retro-cue paradigm has served as a test bed to empirically investigate the functions and limits of the focus of attention in WM. In this article, we review the growing body of (behavioral) studies on the retro-cue effect. We evaluate the degrees of experimental support for six hypotheses about what causes the retro-cue effect: (1) Attention protects representations from decay, (2) attention prioritizes the selected WM contents for comparison with a probe display, (3) attended representations are strengthened in WM, (4) not-attended representations are removed from WM, (5) a retro-cue to the retrieval target provides a head start for its retrieval before decision making, and (6) attention protects the selected representation from perceptual interference. The extant evidence provides support for the last four of these hypotheses.
Cognition · Cognitive psychology · Experimental psychology · Extant taxon · Focus (optics) · Perception · Selective attention · Test (biology) · Visual attention · Working memory · Memory and Neural Mechanisms · Memory Processes and Influences · Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies · Neuroscience · Psychology
Movements of the Mind
Working Memory and Attention – A Conceptual Analysis and Review
Retrospective Attention in Short-Term Memory Has a Lasting Effect on Long-Term Memory Across Age
Not all information in visual working memory is forgotten equally
Comparing retro-cue benefit mechanisms in visual working memory
A systematic review of Stimulated Recall (SR) in educational research from 2012 to 2022
Invisible Gorillas in the Mind
Why does the probe value effect emerge in working memory? Examining the biased attentional refreshing account
Pupil size variations reveal covert shifts of attention induced by numbers
Selection within working memory impairs perceptual detection
When the mind’s eye prevails
A direct comparison of attentional orienting to spatial and temporal positions in visual working memory
Refreshing boosts memory but does not protect it against interference
Object-based selection in visual working memory
Adaptive forgetting speed in working memory
What you don’t know can’t hurt you
The spotlight turned inward
Strategic control finely tunes working memory performance without the benefit of selection history
The consequences of strategic prioritization in working memory
Mapping visual working memory models to a theoretical framework
Allocation of resources in working memory
Guidance by working memory representations and target salience jointly affect attentional capture of distractors
Competition between endogenous versus exogenous factors saves task-irrelevant working memory representations from removal
The self-bias in working memory
How do individuals direct attention to valuable information in working memory tasks? Evidence from eye-tracking
Mnemonic attention in analogy to perceptual attention
Object-based visual working memory
The impact of category-based retro-cues on representational prioritization in visual working memory
Dark Patterns in Data-Consent Disclosures and Consumer Reactance to Online Behavioral Advertising
Motivation improves working memory by two processes
Refreshing and removing items in working memory
Shifting attention between perception and working memory
Incidental encoding of visual information in temporal reference frames in working memory
No evidence that the retro-cue benefit requires reallocation of memory resources
Impact of processing demands at encoding, maintenance and retrieval in visual working memory
The effects of declaratively maintaining and proactively proceduralizing novel stimulus-response mappings
Bend but don't break
Internal attention modulates the functional state of novel stimulus-response associations in working memory
Attentional prioritization reconfigures novel instructions into action-oriented task sets
A single perceptual comparison is sufficient, but not necessary, to induce lasting memory distortion
The part-list cuing effect in working memory
Attentional flexibility and prioritization improves long-term memory
Attentional distraction affects maintenance of information in visual sensory memory
Saccadic selection of stabilized items in visuospatial working memory
The mechanisms of selective attention in phenomenal consciousness
Exogenous attention and its relationship with working memory contents
Exogenous spatial attention selects associated novel bindings in working memory
Interference in the formation of filler-gap dependencies
The transparency of experience and the neuroscience of attention
Spatial attention based on 2D location and relative depth order modulates visual working memory in a 3D environment
Current directions in visual working memory research
Recall cues interfere with retrieval from visuospatial working memory
Unattended working memory items are coded by persistent activity in human medial temporal lobe neurons
Geometry of visuospatial working memory information in miniature gaze patterns
Human gaze tracks attentional focusing in memorized visual space
Binding in short-term visual memory.
Orienting Attention to Locations in Internal Representations
Dynamic Shifts of Limited Working Memory Resources in Human Vision
The Magical Mystery Four
The precision of visual working memory is set by allocation of a shared resource
Discrete fixed-resolution representations in visual working memory
Large capacity storage of integrated objects before change blindness
Working memory capacity and its relation to general intelligence
Individual differences in working memory and reading
The information available in brief visual presentations.
Visual attention
The Diffusion Decision Model
Top-down modulation
The time course of perceptual choice
A Taxonomy of External and Internal Attention
Short-Term Memory, Working Memory, and Executive Functioning in Preschoolers
Modeling Response Times for Two-Choice Decisions
Change Detection
A temporal ratio model of memory.
The capacity of visual working memory for features and conjunctions
Orienting of Attention
Dual-task interference in simple tasks
| Unique citing works | 55 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 6,88 |
| Citation span | 2018 - 2026 (9) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 55 |