A systematic review of the effect of breakfast on the cognitive performance of children and adolescents
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 23357331 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Alexa Hoyland, Louise Dye (0000-0002-2331-4227), Clare L Lawton |
| Year | 2009 |
| Volume | 22 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 220-243 |
| Publication date | 2009-12-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Nutrition Research Reviews (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0954-4224 • E-ISSN: 1475-2700 |
| Publisher | Cambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1017/s0954422409990175 |
| PMID | 19930787 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 70 |
| References cited | 64 |
Breakfast is recommended as part of a healthy diet because it is associated with healthier macro- and micronutrient intakes, BMI and lifestyle. Breakfast is also widely promoted to improve cognitive function and academic performance, leading to the provision of breakfast initiatives by public health bodies. Despite this positive and intuitive perception of cognitive benefits, there has been no systematic review of the evidence. Systematic review methodology was employed to evaluate the effects of breakfast on cognitive performance in well-nourished children and nutritionally at-risk or stunted children. Acute experimental studies, school feeding programmes and studies of habitual breakfast intake are reviewed. Comparisons of breakfast v. no breakfast and breakfasts differing in energy and macronutrient composition are discussed. Included are forty-five studies described in forty-one papers published between 1950 and 2008. The evidence indicates that breakfast consumption is more beneficial than skipping breakfast, but this effect is more apparent in children whose nutritional status is compromised. There is a lack of research comparing breakfast type, precluding recommendations for the size and composition of an optimal breakfast for children's cognitive function. Few studies examined adolescents. Studies of school breakfast programmes suggest that such interventions can have positive effects on academic performance, but this may be in part explained by the increased school attendance that programmes encourage. The present systematic review considers methodological issues in this field and makes recommendations for future research design and policy priorities.
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Factors associated with skipping breakfast among Inner Mongolia Medical students in China
The Role of Adolescent Nutrition and Physical Activity in the Prediction of Verbal Intelligence during Early Adulthood
An examination of the demographic predictors of adolescent breakfast consumption, content, and context
Longitudinal changes in health behaviours and body weight among Swedish school children - associations with age, gender and parental education – the SCIP school cohort
Prevalence of Breakfast Skippers among Tunisian Preschool and School Children and Association with Weight Status
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Breakfast and Other Meal Consumption in Adolescents from Southern Poland
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Nutrition behaviors and sociodemographic factors associated with overweight in the multi-ethnic adolescents of New Caledonia
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Do thin, overweight and obese children have poorer development than their healthy-weight peers at the start of school? Findings from a South Australian data linkage study
Impact of the provision of school lunch on attendance in remote rural Jamaican primary schools
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Associations between perceived friends’ support of healthy eating and meal skipping in adolescence
Importance of mental performance in parental choice of food for children aged 4–10 years
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Identification of lifestyle patterns associated with obesity and fat mass in children
Lunch frequency among adolescents
Changes in meal pattern among Norwegian children from 2001 to 2008
School staff, parent and student perceptions of a Breakfast in the Classroom model during initial implementation
Breakfast intake is associated with nutritional status, Mediterranean diet adherence, serum iron and fasting glucose
Breakfast habits among European adolescents and their association with sociodemographic factors
Breakfast skipping and cognitive and emotional engagement at school
Breakfast Consumption Frequency and Its Relationships to Overall Diet Quality, Using Healthy Eating Index 2010, and Body Mass Index among Adolescents in a Low-Income Urban Setting
Breakfast Skipping, Anxiety, Exercise, and Soda Consumption are Associated with Diet Quality in Mexican College Students
Current dietary intake and eating habits in connection with socio-demographic characteristics of students of Nangui Abrogoua University of Côte d’Ivoire
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Changing the behaviour of children living in Dutch disadvantaged neighbourhoods to improve breakfast quality
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Breakfast barriers and opportunities for children living in a Dutch disadvantaged neighbourhood
Relationships between bullying victimization psychological distress and breakfast skipping among boys and girls
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The effect of high lactose–isomaltulose on cognitive performance of young children. A double blind cross-over design study
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Association of usual self-reported dietary intake with ecological momentary measures of affective and physical feeling states in children
Models of school breakfast program implementation in Western Australia and the implications for supporting disadvantaged students
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Educational impact of a school breakfast programme in rural Peru
A low glycaemic index breakfast cereal preferentially prevents children's cognitive performance from declining throughout the morning
Children's recalls from five dietary-reporting validation studies. Intrusions in correctly reported and misreported options in school breakfast reports
Breakfast reduces declines in attention and memory over the morning in schoolchildren
| Unique citing works | 70 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 4,38 |
| Citation span | 2010 - 2026 (17) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 70 |