Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

The Structure of Economic Modeling of the Potential Impacts of Climate Change

Grafting Gross Underestimation of Risk onto Already Narrow Science Models

Bibliographic Data

ID23362000
AuthorsNicholas Stern (London School of Economics and Political Science, corresponding author)
Year2013
Volume51
Issue3
Pages838-859
Publication date2013-09-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Economic Literature (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0022-0515 • E-ISSN: 1547-1101
PublisherAmerican Economic Association (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1257/jel.51.3.838
OpenAlexW2166070661
LanguageEN
Citations received91
References cited78

Scientists describe the scale of the risks from unmanaged climate change as potentially immense. However, the scientific models, because they omit key factors that are hard to capture precisely, appear to substantially underestimate these risks. Many economic models add further gross underassessment of risk because the assumptions built into the economic modeling on growth, damages and risks, come close to assuming directly that the impacts and costs will be modest and close to excluding the possibility of catastrophic outcomes. A new generation of models is needed in all three of climate science, impact and economics with a still stronger focus on lives and livelihoods, including the risks of large-scale migration and conflicts. (JEL C51, Q54, Q58)

Actuarial science · Agriculture · Climate change · Climate model · Damages · Economic model · Economic risk · Economics · Geography · Livelihood · Macroeconomics · Natural resource economics · Political science · Scale (ratio) · Climate Change Policy and Economics · Ecology · Global Energy and Sustainability Research · Sustainable Development and Environmental Policy

  • Climate of the Middle

    Open Access•Arjen Siegmann•Climate of the Middle•2022

  • The geography of climate migration

    Open Access•Michał Burzyński, Frédéric Docquier et al.•Journal of Demographic Economics•2021

  • UN Security Council Resolutions as Factors of International Socialization

    Filippo Dionigi•International Peacekeeping•2014

  • Understanding China's Growth

    Open Access•Xiaodong Zhu•The Journal of Economic…•2012

  • Economic Growth and Household Purchasing Power in France

    Open Access•Didier Blanchet, Fabrice Lenseigne•Economie et Statistique /…•2019

  • The Emergence and Consolidation of Microsimulation Methods in France

    Open Access•François Legendre•Economie et Statistique /…•2019

  • Labour Share Developments in OECD Countries Over the Past Two Decades

    Open Access•Mathilde Pak, Pierre‐Alain Pionnier et al.•Economie et Statistique /…•2019

  • Preface – Times Have Changed

    Open Access•Daniel Cohen•Economie et Statistique /…•2019

  • What Value Do We Attach to Climate Action

    Open Access•Alain Quinet•Economie et Statistique /…•2019

  • Fifty Years of Abstracts in the Journal Economie et Statistique

    Open Access•Julie Djiriguian, François Sémécurbe•Economie et Statistique /…•2019

  • Income and Wealth Inequality in France

    Open Access•Bertrand Garbinti, Jonathan Goupille-Lebret•Economie et Statistique /…•2019

  • Forty Years of Change in Labour Supply and Demand by Skill Level – Technical Progress, Labour Costs and Social Change

    Open Access•Dominique Goux, Éric Maurin•Economie et Statistique /…•2019

  • Relação entre tipo de cobertura do solo e temperatura de superfície

    Open Access•Adriano Pereira Guilherme, Marcelo S Biudes et al.•Sociedade & natureza•2020

  • Come rain or shine

    Open Access•Clionadh Raleigh, Dominic Kniveton•Journal of Peace Research•2012

  • When Will People Pay to Pollute? Environmental Taxes, Political Trust and Experimental Evidence from Britain

    Open Access•Malcolm Fairbrother•British Journal of Political…•2019

  • What Do We Learn from the Weather? The New Climate-Economy Literature

    Melissa Dell, Beau Fly Jones et al.•Journal of Economic Literature•2014

  • Environmental Conflicts, Migration and Governance

    Open Access•Tim Krieger, Diana Panke et al.•Environmental Conflicts,…•2020

  • Environmental Conflicts, Migration and Governance

    Open Access•Tim Krieger, Diana Panke et al.•Environmental Conflicts,…•2020

  • Climate Change Policy

    Robert S Pindyck•Journal of Economic Literature•2013

  • The Economic Impacts of Natural Disasters

    Open Access•W J Wouter Botzen, Olivier Deschênes et al.•Review of Environmental Economics…•2019

  • The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change

    Open Access•Nick Watts, Markus Amann et al.•The Lancet•2018

  • Some Contributions of Integrated Assessment Models of Global Climate Change

    Open Access•John P Weyant, John Weyant•Review of Environmental Economics…•2017

  • The Economic Impacts of Climate Change

    Richard Sj Tol•Review of Environmental Economics…•2018

  • Health and climate change

    Open Access•Nick Watts, W Neil Adger et al.•The Lancet•2015

  • The Use and Misuse of Models for Climate Policy

    Robert S Pindyck•Review of Environmental Economics…•2017

  • Estimating economic damage from climate change in the United States

    Open Access•Solomon Hsiang, Robert E Kopp et al.•Science•2017

  • The impact of climate conditions on economic production. Evidence from a global panel of regions

    Open Access•Matthias Kalkuhl, Leonie Wenz•Journal of Environmental…•2020

  • Quantifying uncertainty about global and regional economic impacts of climate change

    Open Access•Jenny Bjordal, Trude Storelvmo et al.•Environmental Research Letters•2022

  • Time of emergence of economic impacts of climate change

    Open Access•Predrag Ignjačević, Francisco Estrada et al.•Environmental Research Letters•2021

  • Assessing future climate change impacts in the EU and the USA

    Open Access•Juan-Carlos Ciscar, James Rising et al.•Environmental Research Letters•2019

  • The impact of climate change on fertility

    Open Access•Gregory Casey, Soheil Shayegh et al.•Environmental Research Letters•2019

  • Reframing climate change assessments around risk

    Open Access•C P Weaver, Chris Weaver et al.•Environmental Research Letters•2017

  • Globally synchronized changes in the biosphere, atmosphere, and society identified using public data

    Open Access•Wantong Li, Gregory Duveiller et al.•One Earth•2025

  • Robust Social Decisions

    Eric Danan, Thibault Gajdos et al.•American Economic Review•2016

  • La vulnérabilité au changement climatique entrave‐t‐elle la stabilité financière des économies de l'Afrique subsaharienne?

    Open Access•Komlan Olakossan Gbegnon, Mikémina Pilo et al.•African Development Review•2026

  • Le rôle du commerce pour une adaptation résiliente au changement climatique dans l’agriculture africaine

    Open Access•Henri Casella, Jaime De Melo•Revue d économie du développement•2023

  • Business risk and the emergence of climate analytics

    Open Access•Tanya Fiedler, A J Pitman et al.•Nature Climate Change•2021

  • On the Merits and Limits of Nationalising the Fossil Fuel Industry

    Open Access•Fergus Green, I Robeyns•Royal Institute of Philosophy…•2022

  • Climate change and gender inequality

    Open Access•Martin Henseler, Hélène Maisonnave•Environment and Development…•2026

  • Enhancing the adaptive capacity of pro-poor populations for climate change adaptation

    Gordon Yenglier Yiridomoh, Vincent Chireh et al.•Local Environment•2021

  • Declining discount rates in Singapore's market for privately developed apartments

    Open Access•Eric Fesselmeyer, Haoming Liu et al.•Journal of Applied Econometrics•2022

  • Humanity does not play Dice

    Open Access•Antoine Ronsain, Alexandre Gondran et al.•Ecological Economics•2026

  • What is required for a post-growth model

    Open Access•Reo Van Eynde, Kevin Joseph Dillman et al.•Ecological Economics•2026

  • Firm heterogeneity and regional economic recovery from environmental shocks

    Open Access•Joos Akkerman, Servaas Storm et al.•Ecological Economics•2026

  • Climate change and urban total factor productivity

    Open Access•Li Chen, Bo Jiang et al.•Empirical Economics•2023

  • Coupling system of carbon emission and social economy

    Open Access•Hong Zhang, Zhang Hong et al.•Technological Forecasting and…•2021

  • Climate risk, institutional quality, and total factor productivity

    Open Access•Yanwu Song, Can Wang et al.•Technological Forecasting and…•2023

  • A critique of climate damage modeling

    Open Access•Farrell Ackerman, Charles Munitz•Energy Research & Social Science•2015

  • Climate change and poverty

    Open Access•Robin Leichenko, Julie A Silva•Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews…•2014

  • Why the social cost of carbon will always be disputed

    Open Access•John C V Pezzey•Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews…•2018

  • Paris COP 21

    Jamie Morgan•Globalizations•2016

  • Economics and climate emergency

    Barry K Gills, Barry Gills et al.•Globalizations•2020

  • The position of place in governing global problems

    Open Access•Brian H MacGillivray•Environmental Science & Policy•2015

  • Evaluating global carbon neutrality commitments

    Open Access•Dowon Kim, W Park et al.•Environmental Science & Policy•2025

  • Is there room for geoengineering in the optimal climate policy mix

    Open Access•Olivier Bahn, Marc Chesney et al.•Environmental Science & Policy•2015

  • Risk mitigation and the social cost of carbon

    Open Access•Richard B Howarth, Michael D Gerst et al.•Global Environmental Change•2013

  • Optimal population and exhaustible resource constraints

    Open Access•Nicholas Lawson, Dean Spears•Journal of Population Economics•2017

  • A stock-flow-fund ecological macroeconomic model

    Open Access•Yannis Dafermos, Maria Nikolaidi et al.•Ecological Economics•2016

  • Challenges and innovations in the economic evaluation of the risks of climate change

    Open Access•James Rising, James A Rising et al.•Ecological Economics•2022

  • Complexity and the Economics of Climate Change

    Open Access•Tomáš Bálint, Francesco Lamperti et al.•Ecological Economics•2017

  • Temperature shocks, short-term growth and poverty thresholds

    Open Access•Marco Letta, Pierluigi Montalbano et al.•World Development•2018

  • Lessons for climate policy from behavioral biases towards Covid-19 and climate change risks

    Open Access•W J Wouter Botzen, Wouter Botzen et al.•World Development•2020

  • The impact of climate change on incomes and convergence in Africa

    Open Access•Florent Baarsch, Jessie R Granadillos et al.•World Development•2019

  • Population displacement and urban conflict

    Open Access•David Castells-Quintana, María Del Pilar López-Uribe et al.•Journal of Development Economics•2022

  • Economic Crises

    Open Access•Alan Kirman•Economics of the Global Environment•2016

  • How E-governance mediates the debt-green energy nexus? Evidence from BRICS+ countries

    Open Access•Yunyun Wen, Rongrong Wen et al.•Sustainable Futures•2025

  • Decarbonisation and specialisation downgrading

    Open Access•Giovanni Dosi, Federico Riccio et al.•World Development•2025

  • Measuring Vulnerability and Deferring Responsibility

    Open Access•Scott W Schwartz•Theory Culture & Society•2019

  • Macroeconomic Policies for a Sustainable World

    Frances Stewart•Journal of Human Development•2023

  • Integrated assessment of climate change

    John P Weyant•Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis•2014

  • L’impact des divulgations d’informations climatiques sur la performance financière des sociétés européennes

    Samira Demaria, Sandra Rigot et al.•ACCRA•2024

  • The Case for Ecosocialism in the Face of the Worsening Climate Crisis

    Open Access•Patrick Bond•Science & Society•2022

  • Not a dream wedding

    Open Access•Roberto Pastén, Eugenio Figueroa et al.•Environment Development and…•2024

  • Green preferences

    Open Access•Francesco Busato, Bruno Chiarini et al.•Environment Development and…•2023

  • Research on the impact of climate change on China’s stock market

    Open Access•Haiqin Ouyang, Bo Yu et al.•Environment Development and…•2025

  • The impact of financial development, political institutions, and urbanization on environmental degradation

    Open Access•Iftikhar Yasin, Nawaz Ahmad et al.•Environment Development and…•2021

  • Estimating economic losses from perceived heat stress in urban Malaysia

    Open Access•Kerstin K Zander, Supriya Mathew•Ecological Economics•2019

  • Wind Power and Externalities

    Open Access•Alexander Zerrahn•Ecological Economics•2017

  • Modelling the Evolution of Economic Structure and Climate Change

    Open Access•Tommaso Ciarli, Maria Savona•Ecological Economics•2019

  • Towards a more inclusive and precautionary indicator of global sustainability

    Open Access•John C V Pezzey, Paul J Burke•Ecological Economics•2014

  • The potential impacts of climate change on capital in the 21st century

    Open Access•Panagiotis Tsigaris, Joel Wood•Ecological Economics•2019

  • Faraway, So Close

    Open Access•Francesco Lamperti, Giovanni Dosi et al.•Ecological Economics•2018

  • Monetary valuation of the social cost of CO 2 emissions

    Open Access•J C J M Van Den Bergh, W J Wouter Botzen•Ecological Economics•2015

  • The changing climate of climate change economics

    Open Access•Petterson Molina Vales, Petterson Molina Vale•Ecological Economics•2016

  • Uncertainty of climate policies and implications for economics and finance

    Open Access•Irene Monasterolo, Andrea Roventini et al.•Ecological Economics•2019

  • Seeing the Potential of Realism in Economics

    Open Access•Jamie Morgan•Philosophy of the Social Sciences•2015

  • Uncertainties, Values, and Climate Targets

    Open Access•Mathias Frisch•Philosophy of Science•2020

  • Energy descent as a post-carbon transition scenario

    Open Access•Joshua Floyd, Samuel Alexander et al.•Futures•2020

  • Endogenous Growth, Convexity of Damage and Climate Risk

    Open Access•Simon Dietz, Nicholas Stern•The Economic Journal•2015

  • The many Anthropocenes

    Open Access•Tero Toivanen, Karoliina Lummaa et al.•The Anthropocene Review•2017

  • Temperature and Capital

    Open Access•Scott W Schwartz•Environment and Society•2017

  • World Energy Outlook 2012

    International Energy Agency•World Energy Outlook 2012•2012

  • Climate Change Policy

    Robert S Pindyck•Journal of Economic Literature•2013

  • Exploring the likelihood and mechanism of a climate-change-induced dieback of the Amazon rainforest

    Open Access•Y Malhi, Luiz Eduardo O C Aragão et al.•Proceedings of the National…•2009

  • The Economics of Climate Change

    Nicholas Stern•American Economic Review•2008

  • The Enduring Impact of the American Dust Bowl

    Richard Hornbeck•American Economic Review•2012

  • Tipping elements in the Earth's climate system

    Open Access•Timothy M Lenton, Hermann Held et al.•Proceedings of the National…•2008

  • Fat-Tailed Uncertainty in the Economics of Catastrophic Climate Change

    Martin L Weitzman•Review of Environmental Economics…•2011

  • Perception of climate change

    Open Access•Jeffrey E Hansen, James Hansen et al.•Proceedings of the National…•2012

  • A Reconstruction of Regional and Global Temperature for the Past 11,300 Years

    Open Access•Shaun A Marcott, Jeremy D Shakun et al.•Science•2013

  • Human Evolution Out of Africa

    Open Access•John R Stewart, C Stringer et al.•Science•2012

  • The representative concentration pathways

    Open Access•Detlef P Van Vuuren, Jae Edmonds et al.•Climatic Change•2011

  • Increase of extreme events in a warming world

    Open Access•Stefan Rahmstorf, Dim Coumou•Proceedings of the National…•2011

  • Four degrees and beyond

    Open Access•Mark New, Diana Liverman et al.•Philosophical Transactions of the…•2011

  • Assessing agricultural risks of climate change in the 21st century in a global gridded crop model intercomparison

    Open Access•Cynthia Rosenzweig, Joshua Elliott et al.•Proceedings of the National…•2014

  • Limitations of integrated assessment models of climate change

    Open Access•Farrell Ackerman, Frank Ackerman et al.•Climatic Change•2009

  • Irreversible climate change due to carbon dioxide emissions

    Open Access•Susan Solomon, Susan L Solomon et al.•Proceedings of the National…•2009

  • An adaptability limit to climate change due to heat stress

    Open Access•Steven C Sherwood, Matthew Huber•Proceedings of the National…•2010

  • Sea-level rise and its possible impacts given a ‘beyond 4°C world’ in the twenty-first century

    Open Access•Robert J Nicholls, Natasha Marinova et al.•Philosophical Transactions of the…•2011

  • Geology of mankind

    Open Access•Paul J Crutzen, Sheldon A Zabel•Nature•2002

  • A safe operating space for humanity

    Open Access•Johan Rockström, Will Steffen et al.•Nature•2009

  • Project appraisal and planning for developing countries

    I M D Little•Project appraisal and planning…•1988

  • Arrow, Kenneth J.

    Open Access•Iwao Hirose•Cambridge Rawls Lexicon•2014

  • Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation

    Open Access•M Jarraud, Simon K Allen et al.•Managing the Risks of Extreme…•2012

  • On Modeling and Interpreting the Economics of Catastrophic Climate Change

    Martin L Weitzman•The Review of Economics and…•2009

  • Quantifying the consensus on anthropogenic global warming in the scientific literature

    Open Access•John Cook, Dana Nuccitelli et al.•Environmental Research Letters•2013

  • Fat tails, exponents, extreme uncertainty

    Open Access•Farrell Ackerman, Frank Ackerman et al.•Ecological Economics•2010

  • Climate damages in the Fund model

    Open Access•Farrell Ackerman, Frank Ackerman et al.•Ecological Economics•2012

  • Analysing the costs and benefits of climate policy

    Open Access•Andries F Hof, A HOF et al.•Global Environmental Change•2008

  • To Slow or Not to Slow

    William D Nordhaus•The Economic Journal•1991

  • Come rain or shine

    Open Access•Clionadh Raleigh, Dominic Kniveton•Journal of Peace Research•2012

  • What Do We Learn from the Weather? The New Climate-Economy Literature

    Melissa Dell, Beau Fly Jones et al.•Journal of Economic Literature•2014

  • Understanding China's Growth

    Open Access•Xiaodong Zhu•The Journal of Economic…•2012

Unique citing works91
Citations per year6,5
Citation span2012 - 2026 (15)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 76

Tools

Open DOISci-HubOpen Access
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae