Planning in the Face of Power
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 23378201 |
|---|---|
| Authors | John Forester (0000-0003-4109-1765, corresponding author) |
| Year | 1982 |
| Volume | 48 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 67-80 |
| Publication date | 1982-03-31 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of the American Planning Association (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0194-4363 • E-ISSN: 1939-0130 |
| Publisher | Informa UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1080/01944368208976167 |
| OpenAlex | W2045338850 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 469 |
| References cited | 46 |
Information is a source of power in the planning process. This article begins by assessing five perspectives of the planner's use of information: those of the technician, the incremental pragmatist, the liberal advocate, the structuralist, and the “progressive.” Then several types of misinformation (inevitable or unnecessary, ad hoc or systematic) are distinguished in a reformulation of bounded rationality in planning, and practical responses by planning staff are identified. The role and ethics of planners acting as sources of misinformation are considered. In practice planners work in the face of power manifest as the social and political (mis)-man-agement of citizens' knowledge, consent, trust, and attention. Seeking to enable planners to anticipate and counteract sources of misinformation threatening public serving, democratic planning processes, the article clarifies a practical and politically sensitive form of “progressive” planning practice.
Bounded rationality · Democracy · Epistemology · Face (sociological concept) · Knowledge management · Misinformation · Planner · Political science · Politics · Power (physics) · Pragmatism · Public relations · Social science · Sociology · Work (physics) · Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science · Engineering · Foucault, Power, and Ethics · Law · Political Theology and Sovereignty · Urban Planning and Governance
Bridging planning gaps
Violent Acts and Urban Space in Contemporary Tel Aviv
From the kingdom lash to participation
Beyond blame
Planners' perceptions of the influence of leadership on coordinating plans
Democratic tensions in decentralised planning – Rhetoric, legislation and reality in England
The Varying Interpretations of Public Interest
Fracturing planners
Collaborative planning principles for disaster preparedness
An integrated strategic-performative planning methodology towards enhancing the sustainable decisional regeneration of fragile territories
What ever is happening to urban planning and urban design? Musings on the current gap between theory and practice
Disrupting Dialogue? The Participatory Urban Governance of Far-Right Contestations in Cottbus
Patching vs Packaging in Policy Formulation
Fundamentos conceituais para uma teoria do planejamento urbano baseada em decisões
The New Localism, Anti-Political Development Machines, and the Role of Planning Consultants
Urban development and the politics of dissonance
Exploring the Impact of Complex Multi-Level Governance Structures on the Societal Contribution of Universities to Knowledge-Based Urban Development
How can power discourses be changed? Contrasting the ‘daughter deficit’ policy of the Delhi government with Gandhi and King's transformational reframing
The work of exemplary practitioners in neighborhood governance
The Wit and Wisdom of Chinese Tour Guides
Urban Planners, Wired for Change
Masculinities and femininities in sustainable transport policy
Planning for military real estate conversion
Should we care about neutrality in the city
Was This Just for Show? Discursive Opening and Closure in a Public Participatory Process
The Structuration of Public Participation
Decentring security governance
Interactive Land-Use Planning in Indonesian Rain-Forest Landscapes
Exploring the Promise of Actor Analysis for Environmental Policy Analysis
Managerial Society and the Emergence of Black Policy Experts
A Sense of Ownership in Community Development
The Challenges of Fostering Community Participation
Intelligent participation
Planning for Resiliency
Insurgent Planning
The Future of Planning at the ‘ End of History ’
Resilience: A Bridging Concept or a Dead End?“Reframing” Resilience: Challenges for Planning Theory and PracticeInteracting Traps: Resilience Assessment of a Pasture Management System in Northern AfghanistanUrban Resilience: What Does it Mean in Planning Practice?Resilience as a Useful Concept for Climate Change Adaptation?The Politics of Resilience for Planning: A Cautionary Note
In Search of the “Strategic” in Spatial Strategy Making
Institutional Barriers in the Coproduction of Knowledge for Transportation Planning
When Strangers Become Neighbours
The Intermediating Role of Municipal Urban Planners in Online Discussions with Citizens
Reforming China's multi-level environmental governance
Preserving Community through Radical Collaboration
Participatory turn - and down-turn - in Finland's regional forest programme process
Perceptions of communication in Norwegian forest management
Communicative Action in History
The craft and theory of public participation
Critical development studies and the praxis of planning
Knots in the net
The Emerging Gap between Evaluation Research and Practice
Reading Plans as an Exercise in Evaluation
Backtracking Auckland
Changing Interpretations of 'Flexibility' in the Planning Literature
The Communicative Turn in Urban Planning
Deliberative Democracy or Discursively Biased? Perth's Dialogue with the City Initiative
From neoliberalism to neocommunitarianism
Understanding green infrastructure
Looking into the 'black box' of heritage protection
On the force potential of strategy texts
La planificación como proceso social
Using Continuous System Level Assessment to Build School Capacity
Public Deliberation, Discursive Participation, and Citizen Engagement
Existing urban management frameworks and heritage conservation in Indonesia
Toward a Critical Theory of Collaborative Governance
Politics and Administration
New Public Management and the Demise of Popular Sovereignty
Towards a Praxis Less Traditional
New Directions in Planning Theory
Authenticity and community process
Measuring Rational and Organizational-Political Planning Activities of Community Organization Workers
Community Informatics and the New Urbanism
Effective Environmental Visualization for Urban Planning and Design
Eviction and Segmented Housing Markets in Richmond, Virginia
Bringing the Mountain to the Public
Property as Interorganizational Discourse
Organizing for Social Change Through Cooperative Action
Beyond Strategic Research
Understanding the Special Olympics Debate From Lifeworld and System Perspectives
The convergence of regional governance discourses in rural Australia
Land Governance and Decentralised Physical Planning in mid-Sized Cities in Ghana
Community Participation in Urban Planning
A `Planner's Paradise' Lost
Sustainable accessibility
Communities, work and public/private sphere models
Quiet acceptance vs. the ‘polder model’
Talking past each other
Habermas and Green Political Thought
Urban land-use change
Scope for bottom-up planning in Kolkata
Power and contestation in collaborative ecosystem-based management
Is eco-village/urban village the future of a degrowth society? An urban planner's perspective
How do links between households and NGOs promote disaster resilience and recovery?
City Visualscapes, an Introduction
Barriers to Effective Natural Resource Planning in a "Messy" World
Evaluation in Urban Planning
Acceptance and Leadership--Hegemonies of E-Commerce Policy Perspectives
Crisis, change, and institutions in forest management
Collaborative planning
Conflicting rationalities, knowledge and values in scarred landscapes
A Habermasian analysis of local renewable energy deliberations
Health care politics
Marxism and the metropolis
Regulating the poor
Wittgenstein and Justice
Power
Policy Analysts in the Bureaucracy
The Fiscal Crisis of the State
Critical Theory and Planning Practice
Advocacy and Pluralism in Planning
Communication and the Evolution of Society
The restructuring of social and political theory
Dilemmas of Social Reform
The Ethics of Contemporary American Planners
Introduction to Critical Theory
Power
Critical Reason and Political Power in Project Review Activity
Reply to Miller's Review of Habermas' Legitimation Crisis
Questioning and Organizing Attention
The Politics of Communication
The Theory of Power and Organization
How to keep your mandated citizen board out of your hair and off your back
Federal Urban Transportation Policy and the Highway Planning Process in Metropolitan Areas
Planning, legitimation, and the development of nuclear energy
The critical theory of Jürgen Habermas
Political power and social classes
A sociology of the absurd
"The Science of "Muddling Through
Urban Planners
What Do Planning Analysts Do? Planning and Policy Analysis as Organizing
City Politics and Planning
Pragmatic radicalism
Innovation in Urban Bureaucracies Clients and Change
Two Faces of Power
Decisions and Nondecisions
Systemic Power in Community Decision Making
An Application of the Occupational 'Uncertainty Principle' to the Professions
Incommensurability and judgment
| Unique citing works | 469 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 10,42 |
| Citation span | 1981 - 2026 (46) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 133 |