Honoring the Dead

One of the most striking features of Buddhism was its impact on Chinese funeral and mortuary culture and practice. For example, the portrait eulogy and its related ritual practice transformed from an indigenous tradition to a hybrid tradition. Although both the posthumous portrait and the portrait eulogy appeared in pre-Buddhist Chinese history, they entered traditional funeral rites and eventually became a Buddhist reinvention due to the efforts of both monks and literati. During the third to the sixth centuries, the portrait eulogy in Chinese society experienced a twofold transformation, from the rhetorical tool of political and social value system to the cultural and religious tool of social and family commemorations, and also from the part of the government-sponsored political practice to the part of private and individual ritual practice.

Art · Art history · Buddhism · Eulogy · Indigenous · Literature · Political science · Politics · Portrait · Sociology · Value (mathematics) · Chinese history and philosophy · History · Law · Vietnamese History and Culture Studies