Old Problems, New Approaches
Dados Bibliográficos
| ID | 23583271 |
|---|---|
| Autores | Mark Bailey (0000-0002-8957-2405, autor correspondente) |
| Ano | 2021 |
| Páginas | 24-68 |
| Data de publicação | 2021-02-11 |
| Peer Reviewed | Sim |
| Open Access | Não |
| Tipo | CHAPTER |
| Periódico | After the Black Death (SOURCE_BOOK) |
| Editora | Oxford University PressOxford (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1093/oso/9780198857884.003.0002 |
| OpenAlex | W3132047222 |
| ISBN | 9780198857884 |
| Idioma | EN |
| Referências citadas | 247 |
There is no dispute that on the eve of the Black Death England was gripped by a severe crisis, characterized by high population pressure, extreme poverty, and a petering out of economic growth. Its economic performance meant it was a laggard by European standards. The reasons for this crisis and modest performance, however, are subjects of dispute. Conventional interpretations stress the power of manorial (i.e. ‘feudal’) lordship in England, which extracted most peasant surpluses, inhibited the development of markets, and exercised control over what markets did exist. This chapter draws together the wealth of recent research to reconstruct the size and institutional structure of the main factor and commodity markets on the eve of plague. It shows that markets in land, labour, basic commodities, and capital were larger than conventionally depicted, and lords had largely lost control over their operation. Custom and the nascent legal system discouraged arbitrary seigniorial behaviour, and the growth of the common law resulted in a framework of private courts throughout England providing accessible and cheap remedies for dispute resolution and contract enforcement. This encouraged participation in factor markets at all levels of society and promoted a pervasive legal culture based upon respect for standardized processes and precedents. However, this peculiar institutional mosaic proved to be deleterious to the welfare of the vast majority of the populace under the pressure of high population, because it resulted in the fragmentation of landholdings, low real wages, and a high proportion of landless. Climate change, taxation, and disease heightened their vulnerability, and exacerbated the pre-plague crisis.
Computer Science · Historical Economic and Social Studies · History
People and Land in the Middle Ages, 1066–1500
Work and leisure
The British Industrial Revolution in Global Perspective
English Seigniorial Agriculture, 1250–1450
Agrarian Class Structure and Economic Development in Pre-Industrial Europe
The Black Death and the origins of the 'Great Divergence' across Europe, 1300-1600
How the West “Invented” Fertility Restriction
Emotion and Rationality
Patterns of Supplication and Litigation Strategies
Lordship and Villeinage before the Black Death
Dearth and Local Political Responses
Making or Buying? Maintaining Farm Equipment and Buildings, 1250-1350
The Routledge History Handbook of Medieval Revolt
Agrarian Change and Crisis in Europe, 1200-1500
Property and Progress
Acts of Vagrancy
Gendering the Black Death
Manor Court Procedures, Debt Litigation Levels, and Rural Credit Provision in England, c.1290—c.1380
Lordship and the Peasant Economy, c.1250 c.1400
The Agrarian Roots of European Capitalism
The Character of English Rural Society
The distribution of rabbit warrens in medieval England
Urban planning after the Black Death
The Black Death in English towns
Conflict and Revolt
Procedural Innovation and Institutional Change in Medieval English Manorial Courts
The Social Context of Statute of Labourers Enforcement
Some Thoughts on ‘Hereditary’ and ‘Proprietary’ Rights in Land under Customary Law in Thirteenth and Early Fourteenth Century England
Law, Land Transfer, and Lordship on the Estates of St. Albans Abbey in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries
The Economic and Cultural Impact of the Origins of Property
Migration and mobility in a less mature economy
The feet of fines, the land market and the English agricultural crisis of 1315 to 1322
Manorialisation and demographic pressure in medieval England
Going round in circles
Historiographical essay
English towns in the late middle ages
Blowing up bubbles
A tale of two towns
Storm flooding, coastal defence and land use around the Thames estuary and tidal river c.1250–1450
The theory and practice of the just wage
The land market of a Pennine manor
Married and not
Factor markets in England before the Black Death
Introduction
The function and evasion of marriage fines on a fourteenth-century English manor
Introduction
Wretched girls, wretched boys and the European Marriage Pattern in England (c. 1250–1350)
Behind the Ordinance of Labourers
Global Climates, the 1257 Mega-Eruption of Samalas Volcano, Indonesia, and the English Food Crisis of 1258
The Medieval Theories of the Just Price
Rolls of the Warwickshire and Coventry Sessions of the Peace, 1377-1397
Literature and Pulpit in Medieval England
Does the European Marriage Pattern Explain Economic Growth
The Rise and Fall of the Manorial System
Redefining the Peasant Community in Medieval England
Immigration and the Common Profit
The Peasants' Revolt and the Government of England
Unreal Wages? Real Income and Economic Growth in England, 1260–1850
Historical Causation
Joint Action against ‘Bad’ Lordship
Interest in Medieval Accounts
Origins of Europe’s north-south divide
The Great Divergence in European Wages and Prices from the Middle Ages to the First World War
The cost of capital and medieval agricultural technique
When did Britain industrialise? The sectoral distribution of the labour force and labour productivity in Britain, 1381–1851
Some Early Village By-Laws
Sub-keepers and Constables
Medieval England
The Black Death
Shaping the Nation
An Essex Manor in the Fourteenth Century
Kings, Barons and Justices
Medieval Law in Context
Urban Conflict in Late Fourteenth-Century England
Life, Marriage and Death in a Medieval Parish. Economy, Society and Demography in Halesowen, 1270-1400
The Memory of the People
The evolution of markets in early modern Europe, 1350-1800
Italy in the Renaissance
Royal paternalism and the moral economy in the reign of E dward II
After the Black Death
Prices and production
The Legal Framework of English Feudalism
A Historical Introduction to the Law of Obligations
Peasants and Production in the Medieval North-East
Progress and poverty in early modern Europe
The Causes of Slavery or Serfdom
Institutions, Demography, and Economic Growth
Grain Yields on Westminster Abbey Manors, 1271-1410
Price-Setting in English Borough Markets, 1349-1500
Villein rents in thirteenth-century England
Compulsory Service in Late Medieval England
Medieval England
Peasant Politics and Class Consciousness
Life on the English Manor
Openness and Closure in the Later Medieval Village
The Myth of the Immutable English Family
The Rise of the Western World
Commerce and Capitalism in Late Medieval England
Medieval Farm Management and Technological Mentalities
Seigniorial control of villagers litigation beyond the manor in later medieval England
| Velocidade de citação | historical |
|---|---|
| Altamente citado | Não |