Archaeobotany of Sos Höyük, northeast Turkey

SosHyk,locatedinthePasinlerValleyofnortheastTurkey,isamultiperiodsiteoccupiedfromtheLate Chalcolithic to the Medieval Period. No major archaeobotanical analysis has been conducted on the carbonisedplantremainsfromSosHyk.Samplesfromthreetimeperiods,theLateChalcolithic,Middle Bronze and Iron Age were selected for analysis. Examination of both seeds and wood charcoals has indicatedacomplexandchangingpatternofplantuseovertime.Fromwoodcharcoals,fourvegetation zones(riparianwoodland,openoakwoodland,mountainpineforestandbirchforest)wereidentifiedin thePasinlerValleyduringantiquityandexploitedbytheoccupantsofSosHyk.Changeinwoodpro curement patterns suggests the depletion of the open oak woodland in the Pasinler Valley between the MiddleBronzeAgeandIronAge.Areductioninwoodresourcesissupportedbytheuseofdungfuelas a firewood supplement from the Middle Bronze Age. These findings correlate with the pattern of deforestation across the Near East and suggest a combination of human and environmental causes for vegetationchangeintheBronzeAge.Aseconddeforestationeventisproposedforthemodernperiod.

Archaeology · Geography · Paleoethnobotany · Ancient Mediterranean Archaeology and History · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies · Archaeology and Historical Studies · Forestry

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