Haulbowline Island, Cork Harbour, Ireland, c.1816–1832

Many aspects of Ireland's landscapes and material culture, dating from the early modern period up to Independence and partition in 1922, continue to be viewed as symbols of a ‘colonial’ past. However, to an overwhelming majority of specialists working directly with the primary source material for Irish history and archaeology the notion, as proposed by nationalist historians and postcolonialists, that the essential relationship between Ireland and the United Kingdom was that of ‘colony’ and ‘metropolitan state’, bothmisrepresents and oversimplifies the nature of that association. By dividing the native and settler populations into colonists and colonised, postcolonial discourse theory, as applied to Ireland, off ers a one-dimensional, reductivist view of the experience of immigrant and native populations. Not all colonists were the same, while English rule was experienced in many diff erent ways by settlers and natives alike. Recent work on the archaeology of the former Royal Naval base at Haulbowline, built in 1816–22 to supply the entire British South Atlantic fleet, enables and off ers a contrasting view to the traditional, essentially nationalist, interpretation of Ireland's many-sided subjugation to Britain's interest as ‘colonial’. It is argued here that Haulbowline was in every way part of a colonial project, but one in which Irish people were very much junior partners rather than victims. Indeed, the very presence of such an installation in Ireland, as in the case of a post office or courthouse, should really be viewed as evidence that the island was a fully functioning part of the United Kingdom rather than a British colony. INTRODUCTION: POSTCOLONIALITY AND IRELAND For an overwhelming, almost total, majority of Irish historians and archaeologists, the notion that the essential relationship between Ireland and the United Kingdom was that of ‘colony’ and ‘metropolitan state’ bears no relation to the evidence they encounter on a daily basis. Yet postcolonial studies in Ireland has never really been much concerned withthe ‘evidence’. Of course, no one really expects the literary critics who make up their ranks to be or to become historians. Like everybody else, they are entitled to question modern historiographical methodologies or revisionist views of Irish history, but only so far. Indeed, in their opposition to the views of ‘revisionist’ historians of Ireland, they have as yet failed to produce a convincing defence of the essentially nationalist idea that Ireland was, up to independence in 1922, simply a British colony.

Archaeology · Colonialism · Ethnology · Genealogy · Geography · Harbour · Independence (probability theory) · Interpretation (philosophy) · Irish · Irish nationalism · Nationalism · Northern ireland · Political science · Politics · State (computer science) · Archaeological Research and Protection · Historical and Cultural Archaeology Studies · History · Law · Maritime and Coastal Archaeology