The effect of an individual’s race on their hypertension status
An analysis rooted in nativity and discrimination
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 24216192 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Tori J Chace (University of North Carolina), T Elizabeth Durden (0000-0003-3660-3324, Bucknell University) |
| Year | 2026 |
| Pages | 1-18 |
| Publication date | 2026-09-25 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Ethnicity and Health (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1355-7858 • E-ISSN: 1465-3419 |
| Publisher | Informa UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1080/13557858.2026.2729321 |
| PMID | 42786936 |
| OpenAlex | W7214387364 |
| Language | EN |
| References cited | 72 |
OBJECTIVES: Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is an undeniable public health crisis, affecting an estimated 1.28 billion adults globally, acting as a primary risk factor for chronic diseases, and largely contributing to premature death. Prior research suggests that minority individuals are at a heightened risk for both discriminatory experiences and hypertension. Simultaneously, some studies have identified a protective effect among foreign-born minorities - referred to as the epidemiological paradox. Few studies have assessed the intersecting effects of race, nativity, and discrimination on hypertensive risk and prevalence. METHODS: Using data from the 2023 National Health Interview Survey (n = 29,522), a series of progressively adjusted logistic regression models were utilized to determine the odds ratios for hypertension by race, accounting for relevant demographic and socioeconomic covariates and self-reported nativity and experiences with discrimination. RESULTS: Black individuals had higher odds of hypertension across all models as compared to White individuals, while Hispanic individuals had statistically significant lower odds of hypertension. Foreign-born nativity status emerged as a modest protective factor. Sex, age, and general health status were the strongest predictors of hypertension, while discrimination was not statistically significant in the fully adjusted model, potentially due to measurement limitations. CONCLUSION: Public health initiatives should prioritize age- and sex-specific, racially informed strategies to reduce hypertensive risk and improve treatment outcomes. Findings challenge anti-immigrant narratives by suggesting that an individual's nativity status may have protective effects against chronic health conditions.
African Americans · chronic disease risk · Discrimination · foreign-born persons · Hispanic americans · hypertension · immigrant health · nativity · racial disparities · Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies · Health disparities and outcomes · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
A Systematic Review of the Relationship between Familism and Mental Health Outcomes in Latino Population
A Clinical Trial of the Effects of Dietary Patterns on Blood Pressure
Structural Racism In Historical And Modern US Health Care Policy
Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019
Socioeconomic Status and Cardiovascular Outcomes
Race, Socioeconomic Status, and Health The Added Effects of Racism and Discrimination
Self-Reported Experiences of Discrimination and Cardiovascular Disease
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2015 Update
Racism and Health
Income Inequality, Race/Ethnicity, and Obesity in U.S. Men 20 Years and Older
The Relationship Between Financial Worries and Psychological Distress Among U.S. Adults
Family Connections and the Latino Health Paradox
Cumulative Disparities in the Dynamics of Working Poverty for Later Career U.S. Workers (2002–2012)
Racial/Ethnic Discrimination and Health
Revisiting the Immigrant Epidemiological Paradox
Perceived discrimination and health
The color of death
Selectivity of Migration and the Educational Disadvantages of Second-Generation Immigrants in Ten Host Societies
Toward a Dynamic Conceptualization of Social Ties and Context
Will the Health Status of the Changing Hispanic Population Remain ‘Paradoxical’
Access to Healthcare Among Working‐Aged Hispanic Adults in the United States
Impact of change over time in self-reported discrimination on blood pressure
Self-Reported Discrimination and Mental Health Status Among African Descendants, Mexican Americans, and Other Latinos in the New Hampshire Reach 2010 Initiative
Subgroup Variation and Neighborhood Social Gradients—an Analysis of Hypertension and Diabetes Among Asian Patients (New York City, 2014–2017)
Unraveling the Healthy Immigrant Paradox
Does the Hispanic health advantage extend to better management of hypertension? The role of socioeconomic status, sociobehavioral factors, and health care access
Hypertension Prevalence, Treatment, and Related Behaviors Among Asian Americans
Health Care Access, Utilization, and Management in Adult Chinese, Koreans, and Vietnamese with Cardiovascular Disease and Hypertension
The Healthy Immigrant Effect
| Highly cited | No |
|---|