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This article explores the complex relationships between humans and jaguars in Amazonian Amerindian thought, focusing on how these relationships are shaped by narratives of alterity, hospitality, and predation. The authors analyze myths and ethnographic accounts from various Amazonian societies, highlighting the jaguar's ambiguous position as both a fearsome predator and a potential affine, a figure of both danger and integration. They argue that the jaguar, often perceived as an “other” who can transform into human form, serves as a powerful symbol for navigating the boundaries between human and non-human, nature and culture, and self and other. The article examines how rituals and narratives involving jaguars mediate these boundaries, revealing the dynamic and often contradictory ways in which Amazonian peoples conceptualize their place within the cosmos.

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