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Resumo

Drawing on the work of the physician G. E. Stahl, Edward Burnett Tylor provided his famously terse definition of animism as “the belief in spiritual beings,” a definition which later authors, among them James G. Frazer, redefined in terms of its originary place in the evolution of religion. The subsumption of animism to unilineal evolution proved to be its death sentence, since it vanished along with the paradigm that had claimed it in the early twentieth century. The term was only recovered in the late twentieth century by anthropologists studying Amazonia and the subarctic region, feeding an interest in “indigenous ontologies” and “ecological phenomenology.” Today animism has largely broken free from its anthropological and ethnographic moorings, coming to be an important player in interdisciplinary discussions of “posthumanism” and anti‐Cartesian philosophies.

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