State and capital in late colonial Indonesia. The sugar industry, Braakhuur, and the colonial bureaucracy in north central Java

State and Capital in Late Colonial IndonesiaThe Sugar Industry, Braakhuur, and the Colonial Bureaucracy in North Central Java This paper addresses issues relevant to the nexus between state bureaucracy and sugar capital in late colonial Indonesia. 1 It does so in the context of a discussion of braakhuur (literally 'fallow hire'), a practice whereby a number of colonial sugar factories rented land for cane cultivation in a way that diverged significantly from standard late-colonial arrangements for rotating sugar with rice and other, peasant-grown crops.Instead of taking over rented land immediately after the main rice harvest, usually in April through to May each year, factories that engaged in braakhuur took the land in January, thereby precluding the planting of main-crop rice.Instead, the land remained fallow until the factories sent in their teams of labourers to préparé it for cane 1 This paper is the result of work done jointly by Arthur van Schaik and Roger Knight on the issue of sugar industry land rental in North Central Java in the early decades of the twentieth century.It was inspired, in particular, by the discovery in the Netherlands State Archives, by Arthur van Schaik, of the official report of the Braakhuur Commissie, which his co-author had long given up as buried in the interwar provincial archive of the Governor of Central Java.Since then, in the Netherlands Peter Christiaans of the IGV proved an indefatigable supplier of hardto-come-by information on individual colonial officials and in Adelaide Dominic Stefanson struggled valiantly with the prose of both authors

Archaeology · Bureaucracy · Capital (architecture · Colonialism · Context (archaeology · Cultivation System · Economic history · Economics · Economy · Java · Peasant · Political science · Politics · Portuguese · State (computer science · Asian Studies and History · History · Law

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