Marie Baldwin, Racism, and the Society of American Indians
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 2925388 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Tadeusz Lewandowski (0000-0002-9067-2403, University of Wisconsin System, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2020 |
| Volume | 44 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 35-52 |
| Publication date | 2020-01-01 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | American Indian Culture and Research Journal (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0161-6463 • E-ISSN: 0161-6463 |
| Publisher | California Digital Library (CDL) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.17953/aicrj.44.1.lewandowski |
| OpenAlex | W3139257525 |
| Language | EN |
| References cited | 14 |
The French/Ojibwa lawyer, activist, and Office of Indian Affairs employee, Marie Louise Bottineau Baldwin (1863-1952), often receives mention in scholarly works on the Society of American Indians (SAI). Very few, however, have examined her contributions in detail. Only one article focusing exclusively on Baldwin has ever been published. Cathleen D. Cahill's flattering portrait depicts Baldwin as a devoted suffragette and leading SAI figure who, in her roles as cofounder and treasurer, promoted the cause of Indian rights and her own Ojibwa values concerning women's equality. Cahill explains Baldwin's sudden exit from the SAI as a result of attacks by male, anti-Indian Office "radicals" who condemned her as disloyal for holding a government post, such as Carlos Montezuma (Yavapai) and Philip Gordon (Ojibwa). Closer inspection of the SAI's conference proceedings and epistolary record reveals a very different story. In providing the first full account of Baldwin's involvement in intertribal activism, this essay counters Cahill's inaccurate interpretation of Baldwin's withdrawal from the society, and, more importantly, examines Baldwin's underreported, yet openly racist campaign among key SAI members to ban African Americans from the Indian Service. Baldwin's incendiary statements on race offers a point of departure for further study of how the Society of American Indians viewed African Americans during the Progressive era's intense segregation and prevailing social Darwinist theories of race
Art history · Immigration · Political science · Politics · Portrait · Racism · Sociology · American History and Culture · Canadian Identity and History · Gender Studies · Historical Studies and Socio-cultural Analysis · History · Law · Philosophy · Religious studies
“A Structure, Not an Event”
Gender
Marie Louise Bottineau Baldwin
The Peyote Controversy and the Demise of the Society of American Indians
Denouncing America's Destiny
Carlos Montezuma and the Changing World of American Indians
The Search For an American Indian Identity
Almost Invisible
Settler colonialism and the elimination of the native
Rethinking Racism
Standing Up to Colonial Power
Pluralism, Place, and Gertrude Bonnin's Counternativism from Utah to Washington, DC
Americanization on Native Terms
Dictionary of Races or Peoples
| Highly cited | No |
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