Southern Africa and Modern Human Origins
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 2964800 |
|---|---|
| Authors | R G Klein (0000-0002-6180-2168, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2001 |
| Volume | 57 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 1-16 |
| Publication date | 2001-04-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Anthropological Research (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0091-7710 • E-ISSN: 2153-3806 |
| Publisher | University of Chicago Press (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1086/jar.57.1.3630795 |
| OpenAlex | W2225627608 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 57 |
Together with human fossils from eastern and northern Africa, southern African specimens show that anatomically modern or near-modern people were present by 100,000 years ago, when only the Neandertals occupied Europe and different, equally nonmodern people lived in eastern Asia. However, the artifacts found with early modern or near-modern African fossils imply nonmodern, Neandertal-like behavior. Artifactual markers of fully modern behavior appeared in Africa between 50,000 and 40,000 years ago, and only then were modern Africans able to expand to Eurasia, where they swamped or replaced the Neandertals and other nonmodern humans. Archaeological food debris from the western and southern coasts of South Africa suggest that an enhanced ability to hunt and gather accompanied the artifactual advance after 50,000 years ago
Archaeology · Ethnology · Geography · Out of africa · Archaeology and Rock Art Studies · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies · History · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
Defining Behavioral Modernity in the Context of Neandertal and Anatomically Modern Human Populations
Perspectives on Later Stone Age Hunter‐Gatherer Archaeology in Arid Southern Africa
Impossible Neanderthals? Making string, throwing projectiles and catching small game during Marine Isotope Stage 4 (Abri du Maras, France)
Southern Africa and Cultural Heritage
The oral pathological conditions of the Broken Hill (Kabwe) 1 cranium
Aurignacian Female Crania and Teeth from the Mladeč Caves, Moravia, Czech Republic
Aurignacian Male Crania, Jaws and Teeth from the Mladeč Caves, Moravia, Czech Republic
An Energetics Perspective on the Neandertal Record
Small Game and Marine Resource Exploitation by Neanderthals
A Critical Review of the Stratigraphic Context of the MSA I and II at Klasies River Main Site, South Africa
Determining the behavioural profile of early modern humans
A cautionary note on the use of captive carnivores to model wild predator behavior
Finding Harappan seal carvers
Zooarchaeology of the Middle Stone Age in Magubike Rockshelter, Iringa Region, Tanzania
The Middle Stone Age human remains from Diepkloof Rock Shelter (Western Cape, South Africa)
The birdmen of the Pleistocene
Lithic Standardization and Behavioral Complexity in the Middle Stone Age – A Case Study From Sibhudu, South Africa
No One Home? New Evidence for MIS 3 Occupations in the Western Cape (South Africa) from Mertenhof Rock Shelter
A Comparison of Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age Blades from South Africa
New data on the avifauna from the Middle Stone Age layers of Sibudu Cave, South Africa
Stable isotope evidence for (mostly) stable local environments during the South African Middle Stone Age from Sibudu, KwaZulu-Natal
Potential exploitation of avian resources by fossil hominins
Human-bird interaction in last Interglacial Iberia
Another Dating Revolution for Prehistoric Archaeology
A late Middle Stone Age artifact assemblage from Sibudu (KwaZulu-Natal)
Assessment of the Southern Dispersal
First excavation of intact Middle Stone Age layers at Ysterfontein, Western Cape Province, South Africa
Behavioural Complexity in Eurasian Neanderthal Populations
The Howiesons Poort and MSA III at Klasies River main site, Cave 1A
Increasing Behavioral Flexibility? An Integrative Macro-Scale Approach to Understanding the Middle Stone Age of Southern Africa
Engraved ochre from a Middle Stone Age context at Klein Kliphuis in the Western Cape of South Africa
Thinking through the Middle Stone Age of sub-Saharan Africa
An empirical test of the relative frequency of bipolar reduction in Beds VI, V, and III at Mumba Rockshelter, Tanzania
Technological, elemental and colorimetric analysis of an engraved ochre fragment from the Middle Stone Age levels of Klasies River Cave 1, South Africa
Multivariate perspectives on change and continuity in the Middle Stone Age lithics from Klasies River Mouth, South Africa
The Evolutionary Implications of Variation in Human Hunting Strategies and Diet Breadth during the Middle Stone Age of Southern Africa
The origin of anatomically modern humans and their behavior in africa and eurasia
Revisiting the context and geochronological ages of the Homo sapiens skeletal remains from Border Cave, South Africa
The generic Middle Stone Age
The mammalian fauna associated with an archaic hominin skullcap and later Acheulean artifacts at Elandsfontein, Western Cape Province, South Africa
An early bone tool industry from the Middle Stone Age at Blombos Cave, South Africa
Small mammal utilization by Middle Stone Age humans at Die Kelders Cave 1 and Pinnacle Point Site 5-6, Western Cape Province, South Africa
Subsistence strategies throughout the African Middle Pleistocene
Coastal adaptations and the Middle Stone Age lithic assemblages from Hoedjiespunt 1 in the Western Cape, South Africa
Sub-surface movement of stone artefacts at White Paintings Shelter, Tsodilo Hills, Botswana
Seasonal scheduling of shellfish collection in the Middle and Later Stone Ages of southern Africa
Further human fossils from the Middle Stone Age deposits of Die Kelders Cave 1, Western Cape Province, South Africa
Direct evidence for human exploitation of birds in the Middle Stone Age of South Africa
Ungulate biogeography, statistical methods, and the proficiency of Middle Stone Age hunters
Human teeth from securely stratified Middle Stone Age contexts at Sibudu, South Africa
What happened to the human mind after the Howiesons Poort
The Upper Paleolithic Revolution
Farewell to the 'childhood of man
What's a Mother to Do
Implications of the Marked Artifacts of the Middle Stone Age of Africa
The Origin of Modern Human Behavior
The evolution of human culture during the later Pleistocene
| Unique citing works | 57 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 2,28 |
| Citation span | 2001 - 2026 (26) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 56 |