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Influencia de Tiwanaku en la calidad de vida biológica de la población prehistórica de San Pedro de Atacama

Bibliographic Data

ID2965993
AuthorsMaria Antonietta Costa J (Universidad Católica del Norte, corresponding author), W Neves (0000-0001-9124-3937, Universidade de São Paulo), Walter Alves Neves, Mark Hubbe (0000-0003-4433-3942, Universidade de São Paulo)
Year2004
Issue27
Publication date2004-01-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueEstudios Atacameños Arqueología y antropología surandinas (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0716-0925 • E-ISSN: 0718-1043
PublisherUniversidad Catolica del Norte - Chile (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.4067/s0718-10432004002700005
OpenAlexW2109690672
SCIELO_PIDS0718-10432004002700005
LanguageES
Citations received20
References cited33

Se examinan cuatro momentos de la prehistoria de San Pedro de Atacama, con el objeto de calificar el impacto de la influencia Tiwanaku en una población local. Fueron realizados estudios osteobiográficos en 161 individuos de los cementerios Solcor-3, Coyo-3 y Quitor-6, representativos de los períodos pre-Tiwanaku (Fases Sequitor, Quitor), Tiwanaku (Fase Coyo; auge de influencia altiplánica), Tiwanaku Final (final Fase Coyo) y post-Tiwanaku (Fase Yaye-Solor). Los resultados de tres de los marcadores usados apuntan a que se verifica una mejoría en la calidad de vida biológica de la población local, traducida en mayor estatura y dimorfismo sexual, menor ocurrencia de caries, de desgaste oclusal y de pérdida de dientes durante la vida del individuo, ello posiblemente debido al incremento en el consumo de proteína animal durante el momento de influencia de Tiwanaku. La hipoplasia sistémica del esmalte dental y la hiperostosis indican, a primera vista, un cuadro opuesto al de un impacto positivo en esta población; sin embargo, es posible pensar que la mayor incidencia de estas variables se deba a que, como resultado de una mejor dieta, los individuos eran más resistentes a los ataques de agentes patogénicos. El último indicador se relaciona con el uso del cuerpo, el cual señala que, al margen de cualquier cambio propiciado por la influencia altiplánica, la población local mantuvo sus tradicionales actividades cotidianas a lo largo de todo el tiempoPalabras clave : San Pedro de Atacama ; Tiwanaku; Solcor-3 ; Quitor-6 ; Coyo-3 ; osteobiografía; estatura ; dimorfismo sexual ; patologías dentarias ; dieta; uso del cuerpo.AbstractWe examine four prehistorical moments in San Pedro de Atacama with the purpose of qualifying the impact that Tiwanaku had on the local population. To this end, we carried out osteobiographic studies on 161 individuals from the cemeteries of Solcor-3, Coyo-3 and Quitor-6, which are representative of pre-Tiwanaku (Sequitor and Quitor Phases), Tiwanaku (Coyo Phase; with a rise of altiplano influence), Final Tiwanaku (final Coyo Phase) and post-Tiwanaku (Yaye-Solor Phase). The results for three of the indicators that we used, suggest an improvement in the biological quality of life of the local population, expressed in greater height and sexual dimorphism, the lesser occurrence of caries, occlusal abrasion and loss of teeth during the individual's life, all of this possibly owing to the increase in the consumption of animal protein that took place under Tiwanaku influence. Although, on a first impression, hyperostosis and the systemic hypoplasia of tooth enamel would indicate a negative impact on the population, it is conceivable that the greater incidence of these variables results from an improved diet that made individuals more resistant to attacks by pathogenic agents. The last indicator we used relates to body use, which reveals that, notwithstanding the changes that would have been propitiated by altiplano influence, the local population kept to its traditional daily activities throughout.Palabras clave : San Pedro de Atacama ; Tiwanaku; Solcor-3 ; Quitor-6 ; Coyo-3 ; osteobiography; height; sexual dimorphism ; dental pathologies ; diet; body use

Biology · Geography · Population · Sexual dimorphism · Zoology · Bone and Dental Protein Studies · Demography · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies · Paleopathology and ancient diseases

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Unique citing works20
Citations per year1,05
Citation span2007 - 2023 (17)
Citation velocityhistorical
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 17

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