Maraimalai Adigal

How to Understand His Reform of Tamil Shaivism

Bibliographic Data

ID3145513
AuthorsMartin Fárek (0000-0002-9247-4291, Technical University of Liberec, corresponding author), Arvind S Kaushik (Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham)
Year2025
Volume16
Issue8
Pages1004
Publication date2025-08-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueReligions (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 2077-1444 • E-ISSN: 2077-1444
PublisherMDPI AG (PUBLISHER • IT)
DOI10.3390/rel16081004
OpenAlexW4412944002
LanguageEN
References cited14

Although there is growing agreement between scholars about the crucial role of Maraimalai Adigal in the early stage of the Tamil nationalist movement, the state of current understanding of this "religious phase of Tamil nationalism" is far from satisfactory. Authors of this article focused on three important claims in the currently accepted view on the character and goals of Adigal's religious reform. The first stance portrays his efforts for purification of the Tamil language from foreign influences as "anti-Aryan" and "anti-Sanskritic." The second claim describes the reformer's efforts as a move from polytheism to "Shaiva monotheism", and builds on ideas of the early Orientalists and Christian missionaries in India who formulated the "Sanskritic hegemony" thesis. As an assumption running through the debates about Adigal's reforms, there is conviction that the Tamil intellectual basically accepted the crystallizing Aryan Invasion Theory as true description of both Ancient India and roots of the social problems in Tamilnadu of his times. In their thorough analysis of Adigal's work and scholarly debates, authors of this article disclose the role of unexamined assumption about religious competition being the main form of cultural encounters in India, and argue for very different understanding of Adigal's efforts to revive Shaivism

Linguistics · Political science · Tamil · Anthropological Studies and Insights · Indian and Buddhist Studies · Indian History and Philosophy · Philosophy

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