Symbolic Refugee Protection
Explaining Latin America's Liberal Refugee Laws
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 3573404 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Omar Hammoud-Gallego (0000-0001-9723-1451, London School of Economics and Political Science, corresponding author), Luisa Feline Freier (0000-0002-4653-4812, University of the Pacific, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2023 |
| Volume | 117 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 454-473 |
| Publication date | 2023-05-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | American Political Science Review (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0003-0554 • E-ISSN: 1537-5943 |
| Publisher | Cambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1017/s000305542200082x |
| OpenAlex | W4294712271 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 18 |
| References cited | 110 |
What drove an entire region in the Global South to significantly expand refugee protection in the early twenty-first century? In this paper, we test and build on political refugee theory via a mixed-methods approach to explain the liberalization of refugee legislation across Latin America. First, we use data from the new APLA Database, which measures legislative liberalization over a 30-year period, and test both general and region-specific immigration and refugee policy determinants through a series of nested Tobit and linear spatial panel-data regressions. Our models do not support some consistent predictors of policy liberalization identified by the literature such as immigrant and refugee stocks, democratization, and the number of emigrants, but they offer statistical evidence for the importance of leftist government ideology and regional integration. We then shed light on the causal mechanisms behind these correlations for two extreme but diverse cases: Argentina and Mexico. Based on process tracing and elite interviews, we suggest that the reason that leftist political ideology rather than institutional democratization and number of emigrants matters for policy liberalization is that Latin American executives embarked on symbolic human and migrant's rights discourses that ultimately enabled legislative change
Democracy · Democratization · Development economics · Economics · Emigration · Immigration · Immigration policy · Latin Americans · Liberalization · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Refugee · Sociology · International Development and Aid · Law · Migration, Refugees, and Integration · Political Conflict and Governance
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The return of the state
Protecting irregular migrants
Unpacking the ideational foundations of South American migration governance
Context Matters
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The short-term effects of visa restrictions on migrants’ legal status and well-being
Temporary protection for forced migrants
Gender, Displacement, and the Ethics of Protection
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Rethinking migration securitization
Venezuelan migration in South America
Strategic Humanitarianism
Expanding the Reflexive Turn in Migration Studies
Fairweather Cosmopolitans
Latin American Foreign Policies
The National versus the Foreigner in South America
Spatial Regression Models
Refugees, the State and the Politics of Asylum in Africa
Spatial Panel-data Models Using Stata
Spatial Panel Data Models
How to Interpret the Coefficients of Spatial Models
The Causes and Effects of International Migrations
The Regional Response to the Venezuelan Exodus
Small States and Status Seeking
International Immigration Policy
Crossroads
Exploring the Boundaries of Refugee Law
In Flight from Conflict and Violence
The Age of Migration
The Ethics and Politics of Asylum
The Refugee Situation in Latin America
Regional Cooperation and Refugee Protection in Latin America
The Cartagena Declaration of 1984 and its Similarities to the 1969 OAU Convention—A Comparative Perspective
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The 1984 Cartagena Declaration
Political party ideology and immigration policy reform
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Utopia or Reality
Document. The end of asylum? The changing nature of refugee policies in Africa
Refugee Rights Across Regions
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Piecemeal regional integration in the post-neoliberal era
International migration
Populism and Democracy in Latin America
The causes of convergence in Western immigration control
Problems of Protection
Refugees in Papua New Guinea
Theorizing Migration Policy
The Impact of Tourist Visas on Intercontinental South-South Migration
Turning the Immigration Policy Paradox Upside Down? Populist Liberalism and Discursive Gaps in South America
Factors Influencing the Policy Responses of Host Governments to Mass Refugee Influxes
A Liberal Region in a World of Closed Borders? The Liberalization of Asylum Policies in Latin America, 1990–2020
Welcome Some and Reject Others
Migration and International Relations
Numbers vs. Rights
Crossing Borders
When the stars aligned
Asylum in Postwar Germany
Latin American Migration to Spain
The Cartagena Refugee Definition and Venezuelan Displacement in Latin America 1
International Transformative Constitutionalism in Latin America
The Oxford Handbook of Refugee and Forced Migration Studies
The European Union and the Securitization of Migration
A European response to non-compliance
Ideological and Party Constraints on Immigration Attitudes in Europe
The Emerging European Immigration Regime
Unpacking the unintended consequences of European migration governance
Ambivalent accommodation
Democracy as a Latent Variable
International Relations, Domestic Politics, and Asylum Admissions in the United States
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Multiple streams in member state implementation
Why EU asylum standards exceed the lowest common denominator
Politicizing migration
The development of the EU asylum policy
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Migration policy trends in OECD countries
V-Dem
Why Refugee Burden‐Sharing Initiatives Fail
Controlling immigration? How regulations affect migration flows
Transnational Militancy
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Process Tracing and Elite Interviewing
Conceptualizing and Measuring Democracy
Norms and Interests in US Asylum Enforcement
International Migration
Human Rights and the Pink Tide in Latin America
Latin America and the liberal international order
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Multilevelling EU external governance
Remote control of migration
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| Unique citing works | 18 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 4,5 |
| Citation span | 2022 - 2026 (5) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 18 |