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Precarious Participation

Assessing Inequality and Risk in the Carbon Credit Commodity Chain

Bibliographic Data

ID3775931
AuthorsJonathan Otto (University of British Columbia, corresponding author)
Year2019
Volume109
Issue1
Pages187-201
Publication date2019-01-02
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueAnnals of the American Association of Geographers (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 2469-4452 • E-ISSN: 2469-4460
PublisherInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/24694452.2018.1490167
OpenAlexW2903652246
LanguageEN
Citations received4
References cited29

In this article, I examine the limitations of payment for ecosystem services (PES) carbon forestry programs in their ability to alleviate rural poverty and mitigate global climate change within the market context in which they operate. Turning to the Scolel’te program in Mexico’s southernmost state, Chiapas, I illustrate how, in 2008, international buyers of carbon credits produced in the region began to alter their sourcing decisions in response to shifting dynamics within the global economy—what I refer to here as market risk. I then use a commodity chains framework to (1) reveal how program managers in Scolel’te sought to protect the program in the face of such risk by using their relative positions of power to govern how carbon credit producing farmers operated and (2) illustrate the implications of this market risk and the decisions of program managers for farmers participating in the program. I find that the governance decisions made by program managers in the face of market risk led to a series of unintended outcomes that included the dissolution of the social relations of production between program managers and carbon credit–producing farmers as well as the social relations within participating communities. As a result, farmers began to leave the program, abandoning their agroforestry plantings and limiting the full realization of the program’s positive environmental and social outcomes in the region. Key Words: carbon forestry, carbon market, commodity chain, Mexico, risk.我于本文中检视生态系统服务(PES)碳森林计画的付费, 在其所施行的市场脉络中, 减轻乡村贫穷与缓和全球气候变迁的能力限制。我转向墨西哥最南方的恰帕斯州中推行的斯科莱特(Scolel’te)计画, 阐述在该区域所生产的碳信用的国际买家, 为何开始转变其源头的决策, 以回应全球经济中的转变动态——我于此称之为市场风险。我接着运用商品鍊的架构来(1)揭露斯科莱特的计画经理人在面临此般风险时, 如何运用其相对的权力位置来管理生产碳信用的农夫如何运作, 以寻求保护该计画;以及(2)阐述此般市场风险以及计画经理人的决策对参与至该计画的农民之意涵。我发现计画经理人在面临市场风险时的治理决策, 导致一系列非计画中的结果, 包含计画经理人和生产碳信用的农民之间的社会生产关系、以及参与该计画的社群中的社会关系的瓦解。农民因而开始背离该计画, 放弃他们的农业森林种植, 并限制了该计画在该区的正面环境与社会结果的全面实现。关键词: 碳森林, 碳市场, 商品鍊, 墨西哥, 风险。En este artículo, examino las limitaciones de los programas de pago por servicios ecosistémicos (PES) de carbono forestal, en lo que se refiere a su capacidad de aliviar la pobreza rural y mitigar el cambio climático global dentro del contexto del mercado dentro del cual operan. Volviendo al programa de Scolel’te en Chiapas, el estado más meridional de México, ilustro cómo, en 2008, los compradores internacionales de créditos de carbono producidos en la región empezaron a alterar sus decisiones sobre fuentes en respuesta a la dinámica cambiante dentro de la economía global––a lo que yo me refiero aquí como riesgo de mercado. Uso luego un marco de cadenas de mercaderías para (1) revelar el modo como los administradores del programa en Scolel’te buscaron proteger el programa frente a tal riesgo usando sus posiciones relativas de poder para dictaminar el modo de operar de los agricultores productores de créditos de carbono; y para (2) ilustrar las implicaciones de este riesgo de mercado y las decisiones de los administradores frente a los agricultores que participaran en el programa. Encuentro que las decisiones de gobernanza tomadas por los administradores de programa frente al riesgo del mercado llevaron a una serie de resultados inesperados que incluyeron la disolución de las relaciones sociales de producción entre los administradores de programa y los agricultores generadores de créditos de carbono, lo mismo que las relaciones sociales dentro de las comunidades participantes. El resultado fue que los agricultores empezaron a salirse del programa, abandonando sus plantíos agroforestales y limitando la cabal realización de los resultados ambientales y sociales positivos del programa para la región

Business · Carbon credit · Climate change · Commodity · Commodity chain · Economic growth · Economics · Geography · Poverty · Agriculture, Land Use, Rural Development · Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management · Global trade, sustainability, and social impact · Finance

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Unique citing works4
Citations per year0,67
Citation span2020 - 2022 (3)
Citation velocityhistorical
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 3

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