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An Adaptive Spatiotemporal Sampling Method for Optimal Environmental Sensor Placement

Bibliographic Data

ID3776048
AuthorsJunfeng Gu (China University of Geosciences), Qingfeng Guan (0000-0002-7392-3709, China University of Geosciences, corresponding author), Yuanyuan Li (0009-0009-3256-4197, Henan Academy of Sciences)
Year2025
Volume115
Issue9
Pages1-19
Publication date2025-07-16
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueAnnals of the American Association of Geographers (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 2469-4452 • E-ISSN: 2469-4460
PublisherInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/24694452.2025.2522841
OpenAlexW4412478539
LanguageEN
References cited59

The optimal placement of sensors is crucial for the maximization of resource utilization in environmental monitoring. The location optimization methods for maximal coverage are not suitable for applications that aim to predict the values of environmental variables at locations where no sensor is placed. For such a task, spatial sampling strategies have been developed to enhance the prediction accuracy by optimal placement of a limited number of sensors. These sensor placement strategies, however, primarily focus on the spatial variation of an environmental variable when selecting sampling locations, neglecting the variable’s spatiotemporal heterogeneity, leading to inadequate spatiotemporal representativeness and limited prediction accuracies at different times. This study proposes a novel adaptive spatiotemporal sampling (ASTS) framework for sensor placement by combining the spatiotemporal variation features of the environmental variable with an adaptive sampling principle. The framework employs the integrated nested Laplace approximation for stochastic partial differential equations (INLA-SPDE) to capture the spatiotemporal variation and uses the adaptive sampling design principle to optimally place a predetermined number of sensors to maximize the prediction accuracy over space and time. The efficacy of the ASTS was validated using a PM2.5 data set from Wuhan, China. The ASTS framework reduced prediction root mean square error by 26.11 percent and computational time by 47.83 percent compared to methods focusing only on spatial variation and genetic algorithm combined with INLA-SPDE, respectively. The ASTS framework can be used to establish a new sensor placement plan or enhance existing networks by optimally adding sensors, ensuring high prediction accuracy across geographic locations and time periods

Adaptive sampling · Computer vision · Environmental planning · Environmental resource management · Geography · Monte Carlo method · Statistics · Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting · Computer Science · Environmental Science · Mathematics · Odor and Emission Control Technologies · Water Quality Monitoring Technologies

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