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Resumo

A number of questions in the 1991 and 1998 ISSP surveys make it possible to identify attitudes which can be characterized as 'fundamentalist' or 'secular' in relation to the interpretation of the Bible or the direct influence of religion upon social life. In the western countries surveyed (with the exception of Russia, Poland, Ireland and the United States), the secular core emerges as clearly more important than the fundamentalist one. Older, less educated, more traditionalist, fundamentalists appear more as a rear-guard. France proves to be the most secular country, due perhaps to its formal separation of church and state (laïcité). In any case this separation at the level of the school system is widely accepted in its current form, including by Catholics. Those who support its reinforcement are significantly more numerous than those who wish to make it more flexible or to abandon it altogether.

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