Investigating the Prehistoric Bread of Northern Greece

Prehistoric « bread » in the regions of Macedonia and Thrace in northern Greece is investigated through the study of charred plant remains retrieved from thirteen sites in the area dated from the Early Neolithic (7th millenium B.C.) to the Late Bronze Age (2nd millenium B.C.) : Servia, Makriyialos, N. Nikomedeia, Mandalo, Giannitsa B, Kastanas, Assiros, Thermi B, Olynthos, Sitagroi, Arkadikos, Dikili Tash and Makri. « Bread » is examined in the broad sense of cereal food. The position of each cereal species found at these sites in prehistoric human diet is investigated through the identification of cereal crops. Possible uses of these crops are examined, in particular the ways of recognising their intended use as human food. The ways of consuming these cereals is discussed together with the problems in their archaeobotanical and archaeological recognition. The social significance of cereal food within and between communities is discussed. The dominance of the hulled wheats einkorn and emmer and of barley is observed throughtout the neolithic, continuing into the Bronze Age. During the Bronze Age the range of cereals broadened with the appearance of spelt, free- threshing wheat and millet as crops. The adoption of a wider spectrum of cereal crops in the Bronze Age is viewed as a potential outcome of cross-cultural relationships and as an indicator of a sophisticated cuisine

Agriculture · Ancient history · Archaeology · Biology · Bronze · Bronze Age · Chalcolithic · Dominance (genetics · Geography · Prehistory · Threshing · Ancient Mediterranean Archaeology and History · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies · Archaeology and Historical Studies · History

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