Fragmentação e Exclusão

This paper is based on a radical critique of the paradigm of the self-regulated and socially regulated market. It is argued that exchange relations can take place only under favorable conditions, which cannot be directly created by the market itself but rather by factors of cooperation (association and reciprocity) that constitute the basis of the economy's social embeddedness. This fact has two important consequences: [1] differing (in time and space) socio-cultural conditions are essential for understanding modes of industrial development; and [2] industrial societies are characterized by persistent, important differences. The Fordist age was characterized by mixtures in which associative forms predominated, while today's combinations are characterized by the innovative resurgence of reciprocity, and in this sense present societies can be considered fragmented. A comparative investigation explores the extent to which the features of fragmentation are reflected in the production of social exclusion - that is, institutionally enforced discriminated status - on top of marginalization processes, centered particularly on joblessness and the transformation of the employment and socio-demographic systems

Economic geography · Economics · Economy · Embeddedness · Fordism · Geography · Industrial society · Political science · Reciprocity (cultural anthropology · Social science · Sociology · Welfare economics · Anthropology · Rural Development and Agriculture · Social and Economic Solidarity · Urban Development and Societal Issues

• Solidariedade, política e poder

  Open Access•Carlos Henrique Paiva•Physis Revista de Saúde Coletiva•2000

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