A functional approach to Paleolithic open-air habitation structures

Dados Bibliográficos

ID3919385
AutoresWei Chu (0000-0001-6596-5987, Leiden University, autor correspondente)
Ano2009
Volume41
Fascículo3
Páginas348-362
Data de publicação2009-09-01
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessNão
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoWorld Archaeology (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 0043-8243 • E-ISSN: 1470-1375
EditoraInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/00438240903112179
OpenAlexW1980306311
IdiomaEN
Citações recebidas13
Referências citadas34

Advances in hominin bioenergetics and paleoclimate reconstructions suggest that morphology was an insufficient buffer against the cool climate of Pleistocene Europe. To maintain homeostasis, hominins must have supplemented endothermy with various extrasomatic behavioral solutions. It is commonly suggested that one such solution was the use of simple windbreaks, though to date no studies have assessed the thermo-regulatory benefits, if any, they may have conferred on their users. In the experimental project discussed in this article, computer simulations and practical models of simple windbreaks in controlled wind tunnels were used to evaluate their performance. The results were integrated into models of Neandertal cold tolerance and climatic reconstructions of known occupation sites during the Last Glacial Maximum in Northern Europe, in order to assess their usefulness to Pleistocene hominins. It was clear that, within the constraints of their toolkits, early hominins could have constructed habitation structures that would have been highly effective aids to help them stay warm. These new data permit a functional understanding of the archaeological record and have implications for hominin technology as well as range. Keywords: Bioenergeticshabitation structuresexperimental archaeology Acknowledgements I am grateful to the Board of the DCMat (TU Delft) for their generous funding. I am also indebted to Wil Roebroeks and Joris Dik for their continuous support. This article was improved by conversations with numerous researchers including Kathy MacDonald, Gerrit Dusseldorp and Adam Jagich as well comments by two anonymous reviewers. I would also like to thank Bendiks Jan Boersma at the Delft University of Technology for aiding me with the computer modeling and Sander Brouwer for allowing me access to necessary equipment

Archaeological record · Archaeology · Biology · Climate change · Paleoanthropology · Pleistocene · Range (aeronautics · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies · Ecology · Engineering · Geology · History · Paleontology · Paleopathology and ancient diseases · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology