Externalising Migration Controls through Development Programs in Egypt
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 3948357 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Gerda Heck (Sociology, Egyptology, and Anthropology, The American University in Cairo Center for Migration and Refugee Studies, New Cairo, Egypt, corresponding author), Elena Habersky (Center for Migration and Refugee Studies, The American University in Cairo Center for Migration and Refugee Studies, New Cairo, Egypt) |
| Year | 2025 |
| Volume | 30 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 120-143 |
| Publication date | 2025-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Geopolitics (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1465-0045 • E-ISSN: 1557-3028 |
| Publisher | Informa UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1080/14650045.2024.2316659 |
| OpenAlex | W4392100956 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 3 |
| References cited | 32 |
Since the turn of the millennium, development aid has become more and more entangled with border externalization policies by political entities, such as the European Union. Responding to the increased arrival of refugees in 2015, the European Union formed the Emergency Trust Fund for Africa (EUTF), earmarking 3.4 billion Euros to fight “the root causes of irregular migration”on the African Continent. Within the scope of the EUTF, Egypt receives major funds from the program. This paper examines the impact of recently introduced development and livelihood programs, as well as educational and vocational training for migrants and refugees in Egypt under the EUTF. Thereby it shows how the EU aims at transforming Egypt from a so-called transit state to a destination country. The paper further explores how these programs are reshaping the political, humanitarian, as well as migratory landscapes in Egypt, and how EUTF funds are transforming the development, as well the humanitarian sector in the country, beyond its impacts on transit migration stricto sensu
Economic geography · Geography · Irregular migration · Political science · Asian Geopolitics and Ethnography · Migration and Labor Dynamics · Migration, Refugees, and Integration · Geology
Introduction
Discrimination and Delegation
Why Migration
Immigration Nation
Reluctant Reception
Illegality, Inc
The Politics of International Migration Management
New Keywords
Ambivalence as Policy
Non‐governmental/civil society organisations and the European Union‐externalisation of migration management in Tunisia and Egypt
Transit migration
Fanning fears, winning praise
Good neighbours make good fences’
The Multilayered Migration Regime in Turkey
A Chronotope of Containment Development
Delocalization, Humanitarianism, and Human Rights
EU rules beyond EU borders
Geopolitics as a migration governance strategy
Keeping Them in Their Place
Deterring Emigration with Foreign Aid
Autonomy within entanglements
Towards a Multiperspectival Study of Borders
EU border externalisation and security outsourcing
The postcolonial politics of dignity
| Unique citing works | 3 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 3 |
| Citation span | 2025 - 2026 (2) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 3 |