Redefining the Libyan revolution
The changing ideology of Muammar al-Qaddafi
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 3979180 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Ronald Bruce St John (corresponding author) |
| Year | 2008 |
| Volume | 13 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 91-106 |
| Publication date | 2008-03-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | The Journal of North African Studies (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1362-9387 • E-ISSN: 1743-9345 |
| Publisher | Informa UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1080/13629380701742819 |
| OpenAlex | W1996426920 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 5 |
| References cited | 29 |
On 1 September 1969, the Free Unionist Officers movement, led by Captain Muammar al-Qaddafi, executed a successful coup d'état, overthrowing the monarchical regime that had ruled Libya since independence in 1951. From the outset, Qaddafi articulated a comprehensive, well-thought-out ideology, grounded in the revolutionary trinity of freedom, socialism and unity. For almost two decades, continuity and consistency were the dominant characteristics of the ideology of the One September Revolution; however, internal and external pressures combined to force Qaddafi to introduce small but noteworthy reforms in the second half of the 1980s. Following a prolonged period of international isolation, Qaddafi at the end of the 1990s again began to tout significant reforms. In the process, most of the major ideological tenets of the One September Revolution were modified, replaced, or discarded. The unique system of direct democracy developed by the Libyan leader in the 1970s remained the only important element of his original ideology to prove largely impervious to change. Keywords: socialismunityfreedomideologynationalism Notes 1. Al-Qaddafi is spelled many different ways, including Al-Qadhdhafi, El Qathafi, Al-Gathafi, Qaddafi, and Gaddafi. 2. On Qaddafi's early ideology, see St John (Citation1983b, pp. 471–490). 3. The second part of The Green Book (Qaddafi Citation1978b) appeared in 1978, and the third part (Qaddafi Citation1979) followed in 1979
Ideology · Independence (probability theory · Political science · Politics · Global Peace and Security Dynamics · Global Political and Social Dynamics · Historical and Contemporary Political Dynamics · Law
A History of Modern Libya
Libya since Independence
Libya’s Qaddafi
New Thinking in Libya
Saudi Arabia
Q adhafi's C hanged P olicy
Libya
Qaddafi's North African Design
Political Development and Bureaucracy in Libya
Libya Is Not Iraq”
Libya and the United States
Political Development and Bureaucracy in Libya
The Ideology of Mu'ammar Al-Qadhdhafi
Arab nationalism in the twentieth century
Libya's Oil & Gas Industry
Personalities and politics
Waging war on terror
Libya's Saharan destiny
Political Development and Bureaucracy in Libya
The Colonel in His Labyrinth
The Rogue Who Came in from the Cold
Sudan
Africa's Thirty Years' War
| Unique citing works | 5 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,36 |
| Citation span | 2012 - 2025 (14) |
| Citation velocity | recent |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 5 |