Between the 'yellow-skinned enemy' and the 'black-skinned slave

Early modern genealogies of race and slavery in Sa`dian Morocco

Dados Bibliográficos

ID3979305
AutoresSamia Errazzouki (0000-0002-4987-5567, Department of History, University of California, Davis, USA, autor correspondente)
Ano2023
Volume28
Fascículo2
Páginas258-268
Data de publicação2023-03-04
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessNão
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoThe Journal of North African Studies (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 1362-9387 • E-ISSN: 1743-9345
EditoraInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/13629387.2021.1927557
OpenAlexW3165703626
IdiomaEN
Citações recebidas7
Referências citadas5

This paper situates Morocco's invasion of the West African Songhai Empire in 1591 within the global histories of race, slavery, and capitalism. Morocco's invasion, which took place during the height of the Sàdi dynasty (1554–1659), provided Morocco with an influx of capital through Black West African slave labour on Morocco's sugar plantations and its newfound control over the lucrative gold and salt mines of West Africa. Such wealth and power bolstered Morocco's regional and global position in the vital node where Africa, Europe, the Mediterranean, and Atlantic all converge. This paper will address the following questions: how did Morocco's shift from enslaving non-Muslims to enslaving Muslim West Africans from the Songhai based on their race lay down the foundations for centuries of anti-Black violence in North Africa? (2) how did Black slave labour from the Songhai allow Morocco to become England's primary source of sugar imports prior to the rise of sugar plantations in the Americas and the Caribbean? (3) how can we move beyond normative taxonomies that view North and West Africa as separate spaces instead of as regions whose conditions were shaped by one another? Ultimately, my paper will demonstrate how the Sàdi dynasty was an active player in the rise of racialized forms of slavery that eventually dominated the Atlantic for centuries and whose afterlives continue to endure on both sides of the Atlantic

Adversary · Ancient history · Art · Computer security · Genealogy · Race (biology · Sociology · African history and culture studies · Colonialism, slavery, and trade · Computer Science · Gender Studies · Global Maritime and Colonial Histories · History